Related time notes
- Bruships 261: Modern Navy & Naval History Questions Answered Live...3:13:57Old ironclads without Fisher's scrapping programmeQ&A
- US Navy Ship Building Plan 2026... a Live look at what is being planned...2:47:29Burke modernization inherits the cruiser air-defense roleNotable Point
- How the USN learnt the lessons to conceive the Arleigh Burke class... From the Gearings to the Kidds57:48Kidd's later Australian interest and Taiwanese serviceNotable Point
- Japan's First Destroyers: How they intimidated the Russian Empire on less than 1000tons...1:07:06Why Japan's early destroyers vanished before the Second World WarNotable Point
- Bruships 231: Alternate History & Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:05:25A larger Queen Elizabeth, Revenge, and Renown fleetQ&A
- Bruships 231: Alternate History & Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:11:06How extra battleships make reconstruction easierNotable Point
- Bruships 228: Naval History Questions Answered Live...3:03:45Keeping battleships in the Red Fleet timelineQ&A
- Bruships 226: Naval History Questions Answered Live...56:13Why China operated Type 052D and Type 055 destroyers togetherQ&A
- Bruships 226: Naval History Questions Answered Live...57:35Type 055 growth margin and future electrical demandNotable Point
- Trumps Battleship; A Naval History view on what we know of the Defiant Class so far14:56A battleship cannot solve the Arleigh Burke replacement problemNotable Point
- A Chinese Invasion of Taiwan: A Historian’s Eye View & A Patreon’s Request…(Live 2)2:28:28Why Chinese destroyer totals need a replacement allowanceQ&A
- A Chinese Invasion of Taiwan: A Historian’s Eye View & A Patreon’s Request…(Live 2)2:39:53A significant share of the PLAN is better suited to secondary rolesQ&A
- 36hrs Live Historiophon 2025: P8 of 9 - UAD chat requested design testing…57:32What a doubled interwar Royal Navy budget could buyQ&A
- Historiophon 2025: part 5 of 9 - Royal Navy & Royal Marines Charity, The Royal Navy Benevolent Trust3:57:26Caracciolo-class battleships would push older Italian ships into reserveQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...42:50Fisher's obsolete ships still carried global missionsQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...1:30:56How Fisher might phase out obsolete warshipsQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...1:35:33The response to Russian nuclear escorts depends on scaleQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:01:51Replacement orders could accelerate British cruiser evolutionQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:17:27A 1930s building surge would redistribute older warshipsQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...3:25:33The Royal Navy's slow move to the 5-inch/62 gunQ&A
- Bruships 219: Naval History Questions Answered Live...4:11:50Taiwan keeps old warships because usable hulls still impose costsQ&A
- What would the World's Major Navys look like in 1950 if WWII didn't happen? (Live)2:39:06Would navies modernize or replace old battleships?Q&A
- What would the World's Major Navys look like in 1950 if WWII didn't happen? (Live)2:51:43Would major navies ever retire every battleship?Q&A
- Flagships for the Dominions; What if the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty gives the Dominions Flagships?29:53France and Italy face capital-ship replacement choicesNotable Point
- Flagships for the Dominions; What if the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty gives the Dominions Flagships?43:00The Royal Navy still needs a new cruiser fleetNotable Point
- Flagships for the Dominions; What if the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty gives the Dominions Flagships?1:14:19Continuous construction transforms the fleets of 1939Chapter
- Flagships for the Dominions; What if the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty gives the Dominions Flagships?1:18:40Continuous building drives reciprocal modernizationNotable Point
- HMS Gorgon(HNoMS Nidaros) takes part in the First Battle of Narvik10:25Norway's missed coastal-defence modernizationNotable Point
- HMS Gorgon(HNoMS Nidaros) takes part in the First Battle of Narvik18:51Why Eidsvold and Norge had no heavy reserveNotable Point
- Procurement for Peace: Second Draft2:13:46Russian naval renewal must extend beyond submarinesNotable Point
- Admiral Sergey Gorshkov: Life, Lessons & Writings of the man who Conceived the Cold War Soviet Navy2:22:29Gorshkov's case for rebuilding the postwar Soviet fleetChapter
- Bruships 202: Naval History Questions Answered Live...3:13:04Why high-pressure boilers would not refit the whole Royal NavyQ&A
- Why didn't the Royal Navy go for High Pressure boilers & what if they got 850psi boilers in 1934?1:02:56A stronger fleet changes deterrence and destroyer designChapter
- Admiral King: America's Champion of Preparation they didn't turn too till too late!1:06:03King designed a fleet-wide anti-aircraft rearmament planNotable Point
- Bruships 197: Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:58:23What an all-Sumner US destroyer fleet changes in 1941Q&A
- Bruships 195: Naval History Questions Answered Live...4:26:32Using newer cruisers to retire older Royal Navy classesQ&A
- Bruships 193: Naval History Questions Answered Live...3:01:51How new cruiser classes released older ships for other rolesQ&A
- Bruships 192: Naval History Questions Answered Live...1:11:30Why newer pre-dreadnoughts quickly displaced Royal Navy ironcladsQ&A
- Bruships 191: Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:14:55Why most pre-C-class cruisers became obsolete after 1918Q&A
- Leadership of the 1930 London Naval Treaty1:21:04Interwar optimism meets the Great DepressionChapter
- Bruships 190: Naval History Questions Answered Live...2:11:21What uncancelled Royal Navy infrastructure could change after 1918Q&A
- Bruships 189: Naval History Questions Answered Live...1:32:41A sustainable US Navy after the Civil WarQ&A
- 21st Century Battleship: What would a battleship built today need to be a battleship?6:29Why a modern battleship could never be a cheap shortcutChapter
- Bruships 188: Naval History Questions Answered Liven & Birthday Party...3:46:24Perry-class retirement and the replacement gapQ&A
- Bruships 188: Naval History Questions Answered Liven & Birthday Party...4:22:11The Dutch pattern of late naval modernizationQ&A
- Bruships 188: Naval History Questions Answered Liven & Birthday Party...4:24:54When Dutch naval preparation produced successQ&A
- Bruships 183: Science Fiction/Naval History Questions Answered Live...1:25:47Why the Arleigh Burke class is still a production-line warshipQ&A
- The British Admiralty 1628-1964: Some Examples of First Sea Lords and How they worked1:47:25Richard Vesey Hamilton harmonizes a modernizing AdmiraltyChapter
- The Admiralty: A Contest of Leadership with Management... Naval History Live3:18:31Madden uses overage cruisers to bridge treaty limitsNotable Point
- The Admiralty: A Contest of Leadership with Management... Naval History Live3:23:28Why Dido replacements did not remove older cruisers from serviceQ&A
- The Admiralty: A Contest of Leadership with Management... Naval History Live3:38:28Why the Calypso class stopped after two shipsQ&A
- What if HMS Nelson & HMS Rodney were built for speed?1:01:55Fast Nelsons could redirect Queen Elizabeth-class reconstruction toward speedNotable Point
- What if HMS Nelson & HMS Rodney were built for speed?1:22:38Continuous batches could evolve F3 into a fast battleshipChapter
- What if HMS Nelson & HMS Rodney were built for speed?1:27:57Continuous construction could leave Germany facing a younger Royal NavyNotable Point
- Bruships 176: Christyear or Newmas?2:18:03Nimitz-class relevance rests on air wings, lifts, and refitsQ&A
- Bruships 176: Christyear or Newmas?3:19:59The ship after Type 83 is too distant to define responsiblyQ&A
- Battle of Elli(1912): When Regional Powers Go to War15:15Why regional powers keep warships useful for longerNotable Point
- Jellicoe as 3rd Sea Lord, Essay Competion & WoW Collab: Last 9 of the 36hr Historiophon Part 4/45:20:09A 15-inch/45 gun for King George V and older battleshipsQ&A
- Bruships 163: I need a Kalax Kalax, a Kalax is what I need! Naval History Questions & Chat2:38:32The best 1960s Royal Navy program starts in the 1940sQ&A
- Bruships 160: Money for Kallax, Book Space ain’t Free! Naval History Questions & Chat...2:31:59Why Japan discarded captured Russian warshipsQ&A
- Check Campaign 26: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign1:28:32Using a peace dividend to modernize an over-aged fleetNotable Point
- Check Campaign 26: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign1:39:38How navies retire old ships by cohort and exceptionNotable Point
- Check Campaign 25: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign16:17Retiring old destroyers without losing fleet massNotable Point
- Check Campaign 18: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign23:02Heavy cruisers withdraw from a battleshipNotable Point
- Patreon 99: What would Imperial Star Destroyers look if designed by 1938 USN, RN, KM, IJN, RM & SN?2:03:44The Royal Navy's unfinished transition and its 1942 planning horizonNotable Point
- Check Campaign 9: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign2:03:31Improved oil burners create a fleet-wide refit burdenNotable Point
- Aircraft Carriers in Science Fiction1:37:21Why retire a space warship after forty years?Q&A
- Aircraft Carriers in Science Fiction3:56:45Prometheus and the flexibility of the Daedalus classNotable Point
- Senator Tilman's Washington Naval Treaty1:30:17One 15-inch/50 project could rearm the British fleetNotable Point
- Patreon 95: Helios on Route- A lucky development of helicopters & appropriate tech in 1930s1:28:58Helicopters reorder carrier fleets and escort forcesChapter
- Patreon 95: Helios on Route- A lucky development of helicopters & appropriate tech in 1930s1:48:42Could HMS Eagle become a helicopter assault ship?Q&A
- Check Campaign 2: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign1:31:14Building a technology bridge to the first dreadnought generationChapter
- Check Campaign 2: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign2:01:00Fleet readiness before diplomatic escalationNotable Point
- Check Campaign 2: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign3:03:32Sequencing rangefinders and armor forging for a refitNotable Point
- Check Campaign 2: UAD has updated & to Learn it's new ways I started another British Campaign3:05:12Using turbines and refits to bridge capital-ship generationsNotable Point
- Bruships 135: Japan again... Can I get through 12 books this time6:41Royal Navy modernization is mainly a delivery problemQ&A
- Bruships 133: Questions till the Bru runs out...27:24The G3 and N3 program already implied retirement of Britain's older capital shipsQ&A
- Bruships 133: Questions till the Bru runs out...31:56More new cruisers could accelerate C-class anti-aircraft conversionsQ&A
- Bruships 133: Questions till the Bru runs out...1:31:56Queen Elizabeth and Revenge begin replacing the 12-inch battle fleetQ&A
- Bruships 133: Questions till the Bru runs out...1:38:40Some old cruisers could be grandfathered into the treaty fleetQ&A
- Bruships 133: Questions till the Bru runs out...2:18:41Technological transitions do not divide neatly into separate erasQ&A
- Naval Historian Reacts to Aircraft Carriers the Debate: Part 1 of 221:16A war arriving early reordered British shipbuildingQ&A
- Acacia Class: Batch 1 of World War I's Flower Class - Key Ships Series 7, Ship 240:12A practical ASDic modernization caseNotable Point
- Bruships 130: Battleships29:34Why fleet modernization works best as a rolling programQ&A
- Bruships 130: Battleships2:57:55When early dreadnoughts would enter reserveQ&A
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides3:31Replacement begins with more than a ship's ageChapter
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides7:56A thinning engineering workforce encourages familiar designsNotable Point
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides9:51The core tests for replacing a classNotable Point
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides13:35Hull life depends on use as well as ageNotable Point
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides21:12A reliable Type 23 may still be uneconomic to refitNotable Point
- When does a navy know it is time to replace a type or class of ships? Part 1 of 2 - Slides40:10Budget and political purpose decide the final choiceChapter
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 111:55Building a fleet for an invasion of FranceChapter
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 1124:18Disengaging a damaged cruiser from a torpedo threatNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 1134:10Introducing Eagle's heavily armored capital-ship designChapter
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 111:27:54Retiring old battleships as the fleet's standards riseNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 92:07:12Trading speed for a tougher, harder-hitting Chester classChapter
- Bruships 125: Hutchinsons Pictorial History of the War Series49:34When interwar Royal Navy cruisers would retireQ&A
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 89:24Modernizing a fleet means retiring old hullsChapter
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 71:07:40Fleet renewal depends on the crew poolNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 71:33:28Designing for cruising range and future upgradesNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 659:25When a battlecruiser label outlives combat valueNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 62:25:00Scrapping obsolete ships to renew the fleetNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 41:14:18Using naval concentration to pressure an economyNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 43:22:52Trading short-range torpedoes for refit survivabilityNotable Point
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 43:33:15Refitting or retiring an ageing battlecruiser fleetChapter
- A Ultimate Admiral Dreadnoughts Campaign: Building a Battle Cruiser Navy... part 43:45:50Keeping an obsolete Tiger useful at 33 knotsNotable Point
- Lion Class: Key Ships Series 4, Part 19:00The Royal Navy's thirteen-ship replacement problemNotable Point
- Lion Class: Key Ships Series 4, Part 131:28A common improved 15-inch gun optionNotable Point
- Lion Class: Key Ships Series 4, Part 11:20:23A 1935 Royal Navy rearmament scenarioNotable Point
- Bruships 112: Julian Corbett24:53Why the Royal Navy would not keep TakaoQ&A
- Bruships 111: Random Books of History1:40:07The wider cruiser programme behind forty CountiesNotable Point
- Bruships 111: Random Books of History2:21:31Retaining Town-class cruisers as ocean escortsQ&A
- G3 & N3 Classes: The Lost Dreadnought Generation, Key Ship Series 2, Ships 2 & 310:24Why G3 and N3 would disrupt rival battlefleetsNotable Point
- G3 & N3 Classes: The Lost Dreadnought Generation, Key Ship Series 2, Ships 2 & 325:47A single K3 could make an old fleet too costly to retainNotable Point
- G3 & N3 Classes: The Lost Dreadnought Generation, Key Ship Series 2, Ships 2 & 326:36A K3 counterfactual: treaty limits and rival responsesNotable Point
- Huáscar: Key Ships Series 1, Ship 716:55Why armour became a naval requirementNotable Point
- Bruships 107: Some New to Me Books & Some New from Pen & Sword29:11How Fisher judged an obsolete warshipQ&A
- Bruships 107: Some New to Me Books & Some New from Pen & Sword41:04Using extra funds for anti-aircraft modernizationNotable Point
- Bruships 96: Vikings, Okinawa & 2nd to Last Pre-Christmas 2022 Naval Chat38:54When the Royal Navy would finish retiring pre-dreadnoughtsQ&A
- Cruiser Policy of the Reichsmarine & Kriegsmarine31:09Retained pre-dreadnoughts as a personnel burdenNotable Point
- Cruiser Policy of the Reichsmarine & Kriegsmarine1:00:00Plan Z and the Allied industrial responseNotable Point
- Bruships 93: Soviet Navy Books & Random Books1:53:33Gangut modernization and conflicting reference drawingsChapter
- Bruships 93: Soviet Navy Books & Random Books3:19:20Could the Royal Navy have kept HMS Vanguard?Q&A
- Bruships 89: New Books (Christmas Recomendations) & Personal Accounts of War1:01:44Training duties could preserve First World War hulls into 1948Q&A
- Bruships 89: New Books (Christmas Recomendations) & Personal Accounts of War1:16:09A major refit can amount to rebuilding the shipNotable Point
- Bruships 89: New Books (Christmas Recomendations) & Personal Accounts of War1:49:35Audacious and Malta classes formed the next carrier stepsQ&A
- Bruships 89: New Books (Christmas Recomendations) & Personal Accounts of War2:31:47Few First World War cruisers were worth retainingQ&A
- Epic Blunders of Naval History: Comment Response Video29:54Why a capital ship must look first-rankQ&A
- Bruships 87: Books Found on My Travels, New Books & Christmas Recomendations28:51A one-day modernization of the 1939 Royal NavyQ&A
- 19th Century Cruisers: Comment Response Video 3 (Sfax - Geffion)36:33The Royal Navy's cruiser fleet was not exhausted in 1918Q&A
- Chapyev Class (Projekt 68 of the Soviet Navy): Fighting the Peace12:29A Soviet missile battleship could have reshaped Western fleetsNotable Point
- Five Ways to Fix the Fleets of WWII 1941-421:57:40A 1948 war leaves few old British capital shipsQ&A
- Questions & Answers on Naval History till the Bru Runs Out 237:40Vanguard and the replacement of aging battlecruisersQ&A
- Questions & Answers on Naval History till the Bru Runs Out 21:29:48Could World War II warships still serve today?Q&A
- Questions & Answers on Naval History till the Bru Runs Out11:33Why South American navies bought old gun cruisersQ&A
- Questions & Answers on Naval History till the Bru Runs Out59:16China's iterative aircraft-carrier developmentQ&A
- Bruships 85: Cruiser, New & Random Reading8:38How long Victorious might have served without the fireQ&A
- Bruships 85: Cruiser, New & Random Reading1:05:11How long Stalingrad-class ships might have servedQ&A
- Bruships 85: Cruiser, New & Random Reading3:04:06Why the United States retained Iowas rather than AlaskasQ&A
- Bruships 85: Cruiser, New & Random Reading3:06:21A possible 1980s Aegis refit for the Alaska classQ&A
- Doug Clarke Bruships; As today would have been my Dad's Birthday, it's his books today3:13:37How budgets shape warship service lifeNotable Point
- French Cruiser Policy & Doctrine of the 1920s & 30s (Long Patrol)1:16:34Elegant ships from an inconsistent naval systemChapter
- Equitable London Treaty: Destroyers (Long Patrol)12:00The London Treaty's destroyer rulesChapter
- Equitable London Treaty: Destroyers (Long Patrol)26:28Historical ceilings produced small destroyer fleetsNotable Point
- Equitable London Treaties: Cruisers (Long Patrol)17:11Replacement holidays left cruiser fleets aging togetherChapter
- Equitable London Naval Treaty: Capital Ships with UAD infusion (Long Patrol)41:44More British dreadnoughts lost to treaty than combatNotable Point
- Bruships 78: Favourite Cruisers A Discussion...1:08:31Why Russian losses increased the value of Kirov-class refitsQ&A
- Battle of Singapore Straits (Equitable Washington Treaty Scenario): A UAD Infused(Long Patrol)53:50Controlled naval competition as deterrenceChapter
- Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (11)1:53:58How another decade of peace transforms the major naviesQ&A
- Glourious Heritage Class of the Systems Commonwealth (Long Patrol)15:56Slow adaptation after the Magog WarNotable Point
- County Cruisers P5: Getting Proscriptive with Cruisers… London Naval Treaty of 1930 (Long Patrol)20:24Modern replacements versus the 70-cruiser headlineNotable Point
- Bruships 68: Random Naval History Books & Questions1:31:49Why the Ticonderoga cruisers remained in serviceNotable Point
- The Principles and Factors of Cruiser Design(Live)3:12:27How old is the Arleigh Burke design?Q&A
- The Principles and Factors of Cruiser Design(Live)3:21:12Has naval development slowed because hulls last longer?Q&A
- Patreon 38: Evaluating Type 26 Frigates against WW2 ship classes...59:00How Type 23s became general-purpose frigatesQ&A
- Battle of Taranto: The 81st Anniversary3:39:46How a fuller victory could have changed force allocationNotable Point
- Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (6)36:46How to build a deliberately incoherent 1960 fleetQ&A
- Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (6)4:25:58Why restoring every Second World War fleet would overwhelm modern yardsQ&A
- Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (6)4:28:40The personnel problem behind a restored wartime fleetQ&A
- Shipbuilding trends of the 1880s-1950s: Long Patrol Part 10/11 Why the Battleship Fizzled Out12:38Inherited cruisers and Tiger-class test bedsNotable Point
- Patreon 27: Some Actions of the French Navy in WWI1:35:47Were any French cruisers still good by World War I?Q&A
- Patreon 27: Some Actions of the French Navy in WWI2:52:47Should France's empire have required a stronger navy?Q&A
- Dreadnoughts from Around the World (1905-14): Part 1, 190522:47Useful older ships still had limitsNotable Point
- Pseudo Patreon British Aircraft Carrier development Since 1945 (as suggested by Kyle Hardman)1:58:42How older carrier hulls crowded out Malta fundingQ&A
- Bruships 46: Accounts of Naval War2:28:10Why Sea Cat remained in service during the Falklands WarQ&A
- Crown Colony Class Long Patrol: Part 1 - where did they come from36:31Alexander challenges plans to replace rather than retain cruisersQ&A
- Bruships 37: New Books & Some More Transactions of the Institute of Naval Architects3:22:06Cammell Laird as a specialist refit yardNotable Point
- Bruships 36: International Relations2:24:02China's fleet buildup and the test of replacementQ&A
- The Great White Fleet2:37:55What condition were the battleships in after the voyage?Q&A
- Aircraft Carriers of the 1920s & 1930s Long Patrol Part 8: Questions Answered18:22The Royal Navy Germany would have faced in the mid-1940sNotable Point
- Patreon 14: The Naval Defence Act of 1889 as proposed by Baile Inneraora1:42:54Torpedo boats were short-life experiments, not durable fleet assetsNotable Point
- Patreon 11: "The effect of the early jet age on naval warfare strategy/tactics?"44:15Why carrier jets arrived graduallyChapter
- Bilgepumps does Battlestar Galatica Deadlock for Navy Con 2/228:25A new torpedo threat can impose fleetwide refitsNotable Point
- 1930 London Naval Treaty: An Introduction Part 3 of 5/Articles 11-137:31Why obsolete-looking ships stayed in treaty fleetsNotable Point
- 1930 London Naval Treaty: An Introduction Part 2 of 5/Articles 8-1015:30Article 9 and controlled fleet replacementChapter
- Patreon Video 1: What would you put in warehouses at the end of WWI for WWII if you could?1:43:17A 1920s fleet still needs a 1940s modernisationQ&A
- Bru Ships Episode 3: Imperial Japanese Navy Themed Books to Review & a general Q/A1:13:21A peacetime 1942 Royal Navy under Reginald HendersonQ&A
- Battle cruisers in a ‘modern navy’…. Well a WWII Navy1:48:43Why the surviving battlecruisers were near retirementQ&A