Bruships 191: Naval History Questions Answered Live...

After the Second World War, following comparative AC and DC installations in the Daring-class destroyers.

Crews would need carrier qualification, but limited British aircraft numbers and differing support facilities make large-scale cross-deck operations difficult.

Probably, though the turret would be cramped; 9.2 inches also made more doctrinal sense than 8 inches in British assessments.

Crews used dedicated tanks where possible, then deliberately flooded designated compartments when more corrective weight was needed.

It could make Earth uninhabitable for civilization without literally destroying the planet, although the panel disputes the precise physical effects.

At Chatham, inspect Cavalier's large hand-loaded ammunition; at Portsmouth, find the armor construction sample near HMS Warrior.

No; it chiefly exposed a decades-wide technology gap and the limit of modernizing old hulls for frontline combat.

No; the large early fleet supplied the hull numbers needed for continuous deterrent patrols until better submarines could replace it.

No single power necessarily preferred both; the figures were practical ceilings based on the largest relevant guns already built or being built.

It had started building sooner, chiefly because yard survival forced a decision, while American program churn left a slower industrial restart.

No; they are a normal, planned consequence of keeping a ship relevant through a service life of several decades.

No; Australian law would not bind the Royal Navy, although an Australian HMAS Anzac is the more likely real-world case.

They cited Tiger-class and 1970s frigate work, some American missile conversions and ironclad rebuilds, and especially India's final reconstruction of HMS Hermes.

Their incomplete slate included Jellicoe, Cunningham, Togo, Ozawa, Fletcher, Evans, Langsdorff, Scheer, Harwood, and Forbes, chosen for competence under difficult conditions.

It could improvise a repair to structural bracing; the frequently mentioned torpedo wire was a separate device used to control water entry.

They would likely protect construction capacity, resist 14-inch guns, and favor size limits with more freedom to build replacement ships.

DC is useful for electronic loads, but AC usually remains preferable for long-distance distribution and large motors, with conversion near the equipment.

It could probably immobilize and mission-kill the cruiser, but would be unlikely to sink her without a follow-up missile or torpedo.

Navies expecting to fight in littoral waters where fast attack craft are a serious threat.

They may reshape air combat, but the panel doubts they will replace fighters within a decade and notes that missile combat has already displaced most traditional dogfighting.

It was a generally sound next-generation French carrier with room to evolve, despite weaknesses in its landing arrangements.

Planning was continuous: older plans were regularly renamed and updated, with strategic and operational work divided among different headquarters.

As ships became larger, and especially with iron hulls, dry docks became the practical choice; the transition began centuries before the modern battleship.

The strongest long-term option is an early comprehensive refit, though avoiding or changing the Denmark Strait engagement could also prevent her historical loss.

Her historical career already achieves most of the goal; the main change would be an early upgrade to 15-inch/50 guns before treaty restrictions.

Probably against the early American shell, but not after the United States adopted its super-heavy projectile; shell quality drives the comparison.

The ship becomes a platform for accelerating propulsion, heavy guns, dual-purpose weapons, fast battleships, and Royal Navy control of carrier aviation.

No; the 4.5-inch gun already covered the target, but the missile would provide a cheaper guided alternative to a full-size anti-ship weapon.

No; the fjords maximized her value as a protected fleet-in-being threatening the Arctic convoy route.

Beatty and Jellicoe could cooperate professionally, even though Beatty's strengths as a captain and political operator did not make him an ideal fleet commander.

Only if it also created real industrial capacity through earlier aircraft production and secured the imported bauxite needed for aluminum.

Its existing sensors might not provide the required guidance data, although the panel also questions whether the missile offers enough beyond Sea Skua.

Probably an evolved Type 82 with a stern helicopter deck and facilities for several helicopters, though its classification would vary by navy.

They could support evacuation, logistics, canal patrols, and improvised defenses, although many boats were already essential to commercial transport.

A miniature railway carried an improvised Home Guard armoured train with Lewis guns and Boys anti-tank rifles, part of a wider effort to adapt local infrastructure for invasion defence.

Yes, CVA-01; after it was cancelled, the Royal Navy used the ASW through-deck-cruiser concept to preserve a path back to carrier aviation.

They tried to, but an uncontrollable magazine fire could force immediate local flooding before everyone escaped.

Only through a rebuild so extensive that the result would no longer meaningfully be the original Great Eastern.

Upgrade the 15-inch guns and machinery, and consider lengthening the hull to recover speed while carefully managing weight and treaty limits.

They initially tended to live aboard, but larger schools increasingly accommodated students ashore.

Cruiser doctrine had shifted to faster, more heavily armed ships, making most pre-C-class designs too slow or too lightly armed for modern roles.

Use prize money to add early steam propulsion and then invest modern engineering knowledge in faster railway and industrial development.

It should avoid cancellation if possible; otherwise Type 26 is the strongest live alternative, but switching would still delay delivery.

Because they are cheap peacetime patrol ships; fitting the full sensor and weapon suite for convoy defense quickly turns them into frigates.

The point is left unresolved because public information would need to be checked against details heard at Chatham House events.

It could carry more aircraft than Graf Zeppelin and perhaps accompany Bismarck, but air-group readiness and Allied targeting would dominate its prospects.

Keep the forward guns, remove the after turrets, and rebuild the ship around modern propulsion, sensors, missiles, helicopters, and surface-group command, though a new ship would be more practical.

Rescue bells were used successfully by 1939, while self-propelled DSRV-style systems were developed after the Second World War.

Britain would likely accelerate treaty revision, new battleship construction, major refits, and use of overseas yards for routine work.

Probably not; his diplomatic role and the absence of a formal alliance would sharply limit technical intervention and information sharing.

Yes; transfers of older warships to allies and partner navies have been common, through both gifts and low-cost handovers requiring recipient-funded upgrades.

No formal measure is given, but Admiral King is described as furious because the report exposed an important operational advantage.

Yes for the ship, but keeping the same captain throughout would be unusually long and could instead lead to promotion or a new command.

HMS Warrior is the strongest all-around choice, though a clipper offers trade speed and Great Eastern offers extraordinary cargo capacity.

Mostly because preservation is expensive, while uncertain visitor demand and residual sensitive information create additional obstacles.

Sound engineering says it would not, but political pressure from a visible Kirov deployment could produce a gun-armed missile flagship whose real value lay in VLS, command, and presence.

Yes in industrial terms, but it had no operational reason to copy H-44 instead of pursuing its own Montana and large-caliber projects.

Replace the middle turret with VLS, add a stern aviation complex and modern electric propulsion, and use them as surface-action-group flagships.

At sea they would hold a major advantage, but in shallow confined waters monitors and other local ironclads could exploit terrain and numbers against them.

The armament and hull are possible at great size, but the game's 30-knot speed and maneuverability make the full design unrealistic and costly.

American radar and rapid 8-inch firepower become overwhelming, though early-war command errors would still prevent perfect use of the new ships.

Unify politically, invest continuously in maritime infrastructure, and build overseas commerce whose protection creates a lasting strategic case for a navy.

A balanced fleet of modernized capital ships, armored carriers, numerous destroyers and sloops, specialized submarines, oilers, and amphibious forces.

Durable gun barrels or completed heavy turrets are strongest choices because they remain useful and accelerate wartime construction or standardization.

Nevada, California, and Colorado receive votes for first-of-type significance, appearance and association, and 16-inch-gun representation.

Yes; they make the risk harder to ignore, while credible forces and visible readiness reduce the chance that an opponent will gamble on allied weakness.

Imperial peace never meant universal personal safety; it meant that harming the power's citizens or interests might bring a later response.

No recent definite case is identified; the answer likely lies far back in the sailing era and would require research to separate tsunami losses from storm wrecks.

It would be an overwhelming battlefield advantage, but engineers, shipping, fuel, ammunition, and protection would still determine how effectively it could be used.

It needed globally deployable presence and combat ships, and Kresta II better matched the requirements that emerged as the program evolved.

Massing Essex-class carrier air groups would be the main answer, with a very large American battleship also possible if the threat were known early.

He would likely remain highly regarded and command an operational group, though his hands-on style might limit his suitability for very senior command.

Often very ambitious: the desired fleets made strategic sense, but planned output could exceed real production and construction capacity.

Britain would probably complete the Lion class with twelve 16-inch or slightly larger guns to answer the Italian ship's sixteen 15-inch weapons.

It would become a fast, exceptionally powerful fleet centerpiece capable of overwhelming contemporary surface forces, limited mainly by being a single ship and by massed air attack.