Q&A · 22:40 American industrial power does not solve the immediate problem unless supplies can physically reach Russia before the revolution.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 24:21 Changing the sovereign and blocking Lenin's return does not repair the monarchy's unpopularity or guarantee competent leadership.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 26:03 An Ottoman alignment with the Entente could help Russia, but it demands a much larger political transformation than a competent Dardanelles operation.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 27:15 A proposed chain of better Austro-Hungarian planning, Bulgarian intervention, early peace, and no Lenin changes too many independent events at once.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 27:58 A force-structure aside asks why Britain committed its small professional army when its main comparative advantage was naval power.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 29:09 Regular supplies, reliable pay, and a loyal army could deny the February Revolution the military collapse that made it decisive.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 32:19 Even a victorious monarchy retains a court-bound aristocracy, a weak parliamentary counterweight, and serious industrial bottlenecks.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 34:09 The problem was not an absence of capable manufacturers such as Škoda, but repeatedly choosing among good new designs instead of ordering enough standardized guns.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 37:36 A victorious Russia would press for territory, industry, German dismemberment, and captured warships while contesting the map of Eastern Europe.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 44:24 Russia's demand for Constantinople collides with British distrust, Greek claims, and the practical question of who occupies the straits first.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 49:59 Debt to Britain and the United States may not outweigh a Franco-Russian belief that their armies won the war and deserve a hard settlement.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 52:12 Britain would welcome American and Japanese help, but the peace settlement and facts on the ground limit how much outside powers can reverse Russian gains.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 53:11 An audience question asks how much influence President Wilson retains if the war ends in autumn 1917.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 54:02 Finland, Poland, Ukraine, and other national movements still resist Russification, creating internal wars and foreign-backed insurgencies.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 59:50 A severe peace settlement could place the Kiel Canal under Danish control as territory and a defensible frontier.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 1:00:35 A surviving empire could draw the United States into the League while simultaneously testing it through wars in Finland, Ukraine, or Persia.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 1:11:34 The alliance regains its original strategic logic when Russian naval and territorial power remains active in the Far East.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:13:25 The same imperial government that sold Alaska would struggle to declare its own agreement invalid while Nicholas II remained on the throne.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 1:15:03 Russia's demand for status creates an unsolvable contest over parity among Britain, the United States, Japan, France, and Italy.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:21:39 A proposal to exclude Japan and give Russia its treaty place instead runs into a renewed, unrestricted Japanese building program.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:22:40 Avoiding the final battles of 1917-18 would leave Britain with more money and fewer casualties, making a larger interwar fleet easier to afford.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:23:34 Russian sea power must be divided among the Baltic, Black Sea, Pacific, and possibly Arctic theaters, multiplying infrastructure and basing demands.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:28:04 If total tonnage cannot be agreed, the powers may freeze current programs and negotiate maximum displacement and gun caliber instead.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:29:15 Treating annexed yards as ordinary Russian assets ignores sabotage, skilled labor, Russification, and the likelihood of armed resistance by former German soldiers.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:30:12 A fascist movement remains likely, but without a successful Bolshevik revolution its organization and appeal would develop against a different political threat.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:32:05 A failed communist revolution in Russia would remove much of the energy and example behind international revolutionary fears, though it would not settle every American conflict of the 1920s.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:36:50 Britain's reason for accepting Irish separation remains: retaining most of Ireland would cost more troops and political effort than London judged it worth.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 1:38:01 A qualitative competition favors roughly 50,000-ton ships and accelerates Britain's move beyond 16-inch weapons.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 1:43:08 With Germany broken, Britain and the United States seek partners against a Franco-Russian bloc while Japan, Italy, Spain, and smaller states reassess their interests.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:46:35 The blood and political capital invested in the Franco-Russian alliance make France difficult to detach, pushing America toward Britain's maritime partners instead.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:47:28 Italy is the strongest immediate partner between France and Russia, while Scandinavian states and the surviving German principalities offer additional but less formal balancing options.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:52:24 A familiar Russian enemy would strengthen the Japanese navy's political case while also creating common ground for cooperation with the United States.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 1:56:10 A different arms treaty could favor purpose-built carriers, larger hulls, armored protection, and longer-ranged aircraft much earlier.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 2:05:22 Compounding assumptions eventually move a counterfactual too far from documented history to support reliable detailed prediction.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 2:06:02 Removing cumulative tonnage leaves the conference to define maximum ship sizes and gun calibers for carriers, cruisers, and other warships.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 2:10:02 Continuous heavy-warship construction preserves yards and design expertise, allowing Britain to field more fast 16-inch battleships before another major war.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:12:33 Stalin could open by demanding Anglo-American equality and settle for Japanese parity, but Japan's strategic requirement for superiority over Russia would obstruct that bargain.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:16:48 A modern American carrier hull could be adapted into a battleship or battlecruiser, but carrier-specific design choices prevent it from being an automatically good fit.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:17:16 A question about Royal Navy carrier air groups leads to the tradeoff among ship numbers, armor, displacement, and aircraft capacity.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:19:32 Alexei remains the legal heir, but hemophilia makes both his survival and the need for a regency central uncertainties.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:22:20 Carrier fighters more often operated in pairs because combat air patrols had to disperse scarce aircraft and disrupt incoming attacks across a wider area.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 2:23:13 Before wartime expansion, British carriers already carried unusually heavy anti-aircraft batteries; the later American advantage grew from watching and then entering the war.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Q&A · 2:26:55 A question tests whether very large cruiser submarines become attractive when surface cruisers and other categories grow.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 2:28:07 Alexei's health, Nicholas II's longevity, and the roles of other Romanovs leave the surviving monarchy vulnerable to a later succession crisis.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 2:31:34 Teenage behavior, hostile secondhand reports, revolutionary propaganda, and later Soviet filters make confident personality judgments about the imperial daughters unsafe.
From Patreon 98: The World Spins on a Coin: The February Revolution Fails & Imperial Russia survives WWI · 15 Feb 2024
Chapter · 0:01 The Regia Marina relied on mobile seaplane bases instead of developing a conventional carrier during the 1920s and 1930s, despite Italy's strong interest in aviation.
From Europa & Giuseppe Miraglia: The Regia Marina's Love for Seaplane Carriers · 14 Feb 2024
Notable Point · 2:16 British night-flying exercises and the Swordfish's shallow-water torpedo method showed capabilities the Italian Navy would later confront at Taranto.
From Europa & Giuseppe Miraglia: The Regia Marina's Love for Seaplane Carriers · 14 Feb 2024
Chapter · 4:32 The Navy retained practical control of ship-supported seaplanes while avoiding a larger political fight over an independent carrier air arm.
From Europa & Giuseppe Miraglia: The Regia Marina's Love for Seaplane Carriers · 14 Feb 2024