Tribal, Battle & Daring Class Destroyers: 5yrs since the first live stream!

Greenboy shell trials suggest a much more damaging British performance at Jutland and expose the limits of calculated armour penetration.

Hoche's French Grand Hotel nickname and Carnot's building-like appearance explain the comparison between French pre-dreadnoughts and floating hotels.

No. The similar names do not indicate a connection.

The Tilly appeals for its van layout and rear space; the Champ wins on power for climbing hills.

For a domestic or European replacement, largely yes. Completing MRA4 could have bridged the wait for P-8 and avoided a capability gap.

A criticism of British defence budgeting links the Treasury's growing control to decisions that save money immediately while discarding nearly completed capabilities.

She would most likely be studied and stripped rather than quickly recommissioned; even an American rebuild or Free French carrier conversion would be costly and late.

Daring is given a slight edge as built because of its gun and torpedo armament, while either class could win an actual engagement.

Daring's layout is compared with Henderson's larger prewar L-class proposal, with added radar power, accommodation, and 40 mm armament.

Either is possible. An anchor can cut it, but the cable's position relative to shipping lanes and anchorages determines how suspicious repeated incidents should appear.

They were valuable sources of surge capacity, but long-term preservation required interwar and Cold War development of active maintenance, moisture control, and reserve crews.

A proposed route back to spare frigate capacity links additional Type 32 construction to an eventual reserve role for Type 31.

Reserve capacity declined under assumptions that nuclear war would end quickly and later conflicts could begin only when governments chose.

Comparisons of colonial violence can condemn one empire especially strongly while retaining criticism of the others.

A converted Seydlitz could help support aviation around Norway or operate as a light carrier, but industrial limits and British attacks would constrain its value.

A proposed Königsberg rebuild divides the hull between stores, aircraft, and workshops, with substantial stability work and modest aircraft capacity.

Canada is the choice, with worn transfers and abrupt funding reversals contributing to poor upkeep. Spain receives a separate distinction for losing a dreadnought through grounding during combat operations.

Their operating cost could have turned them into an imperial gift. Three additional Queen Elizabeths might then have strengthened Britain's treaty-era case for the F3 battlecruiser instead of Nelson and Rodney.

There was movement between coastal trades and naval service, with prize money among its attractions. Cornish fishermen and smugglers receive the most attention, but no particular fishing fleet is identified as having expanded through vessels bought with those earnings.

Oil-fired steam plants remain the main choice, using geared turbines for efficiency or turbo-electric transmission for control and machinery flexibility. Battleship preferences differ, while diesel engines offer a separate option for auxiliaries and reserve craft.

Rapid machinery response could help escorts hunt submarines and carriers launch aircraft while spending less time away from fleet protection.

Flexible electrical distribution could let different generating units power any shaft, support maintenance and improve resilience under damage. The battleship comparison weighs those advantages against efficient sustained steaming.

Diesels could make intermittently used gunboats and monitors easier to activate while changing the maintenance burden during reserve service.

Heavy trains put severe strain on mechanical transmissions, and stopping power to change gears is a problem when starting a large load. Electric transmission supplies strong starting torque and smooth power without those stepped gear changes.

A physical scale exercise uses crew positions, sensors, armor, and fictional interior descriptions to estimate much larger tabletop Titans.

Yes. Their fuel-delivery role was essential, and major enlargements helped keep the older oilers useful through the Cold War.

A Cimarron enlarged by cutting the ship apart and adding a new midsection, increasing capacity for the heavier fuel demands of Cold War fleets.

Germany missed the opportunity to make larger, longer-ranged boats its standard. A Type IX baseline and a larger ocean-going type could have strengthened the campaign, although they would not have won the war.

A discarded development path could have turned Britain's U class into R-class-style hunter-killers stationed outside French U-boat bases.

Another tanker could be hired. Whether the owner orders a new ship depends on its finances and how urgently it needs replacement capacity.

Normandie, Lyon and a French battlecruiser project are the preferred completions, although Normandie's cancellation is understandable and Lyon offers more room for later upgrades.

Lyon's sixteen-gun layout offered room for major reconstruction, but choosing Dunkerque guns over a 15-inch conversion could determine whether the ship was ready when war began.

F3 or a close derivative and a King George V with the new 15-inch/45 gun are leading choices. A Spanish 13.5-inch battleship and the unbuilt Agincourt depend on additional funding or unresolved design questions.

Possibly by delaying the programme and developing a fresh design instead of continuing the existing sequence.

Joffre and Malta are preferred completions. An Admiral-class carrier with a vast hangar and deck-edge lifts is a more speculative choice whose original design cannot be produced as proof.

Redistributing Essex-class armour to the flight deck is proposed as a way to reduce attack damage, preserve carrier availability and retain the air group.

An all-forward North Carolina design, the entire Lion class, and a Soviet battleship class large enough to create a politically threatening squadron.

STOVL was the politically achievable choice because it aligned Royal Navy carrier plans with RAF aircraft needs and reduced the risk of losing the program in an inter-service funding battle.

A catapult carrier could affect the RAF's aircraft purchases if funding pressure forced a choice between carrier-based Hawkeye and land-based Wedgetail.

The Netherlands, Norway and Denmark are leading choices, with Greece another candidate. Actual readiness qualifies the recommendations, especially after the Red Sea failures discussed here.

Its Tornado anti-shipping aircraft have been folded into the Luftwaffe. The Marineflieger may still exist formally, but independent naval strike capacity is the concern.

Yes, but the outcome may be extreme: either another severe procurement failure or a corrected, conventional frigate that restores useful fleet numbers.

The Bonhomme Richard fire raises questions about LCS support to other ships, followed by criticism of requiring a large warship to chase small boats at 45 knots.

It resembles an enormous prestige project, with concerns about its cost and a superstructure positioned behind the ballistic-missile launchers.

Japan had coastal craft with torpedoes and several kinds of gun armament. Whether these formed a directly comparable dedicated fast-attack force is uncertain, with infrastructure identified as a constraint.

Aircraft abandoned around El Alto formed an informal collection of postwar aviation history, although a later check suggests that many had been moved elsewhere around the airport.

Early wartime operations would change little, but later bombardment capacity would shrink and additional new battleship or carrier construction might receive more urgency.

That depends on their condition and the Type 83 programme. Options include conventional reserve service or conversion into heavily automated missile magazines with small crews.

Britain would face a larger capital-ship concentration in France, requiring stronger surveillance and a sustained effort to destroy it before separate or combined breakouts.

A proposed surprise attack combines carrier torpedo aircraft with RAF illumination, then uses mines and submarines to obstruct escape from harbour.

Interwar work had addressed coordinated carrier operations, but dispersed wartime commitments often prevented the Royal Navy from assembling the planned force.

An estimated eighty to one hundred operational aircraft plus many spares, with unused capacity encouraging larger twin-engine reconnaissance and strike aircraft.

It could remain broadly similar if Japan retained its single-seat fighter requirements; the larger British change could be a multi-role twin-engine airframe shared across missions.

A single-engine torpedo bomber would still be needed for smaller carriers, although its design could differ and the Swordfish name alone might survive.

Because carrier effectiveness declined while German land-based air danger increased, and a late German surface interception became progressively less likely unless intelligence showed a sortie underway.

Yes. A converted amphibious ship could coordinate the boats and provide facilities for maintenance and rearming at sea.

It could redirect personnel released by treaty-era ship retirements, and the carrier would need fewer heavy-gun crews than the battlecruiser from which it was converted.

Keeping the Batch 2 Counties is one preference, although helicopter cruisers offer more aviation capacity. The comparison depends on which escort-cruiser design is chosen and how much deck space and armament it sacrifices.

A 13,250-ton helicopter-and-missile cruiser was revised and deferred as Polaris spending took priority, while its aviation role remained in longer-term planning.

Improved successors could add long-range raider hunting, convoy attack, resupply and commando support. Their value would depend on reliable machinery and deployment, with disagreement over the risks and opportunities in the Mediterranean.

A Brazilian river monitor is the suggested answer, but its name is not settled. A Russian floating dock is also mentioned, with doubts about its condition.

Most of the Bureau of Ordnance is blamed, with King and Mush Morton invoked as imagined sources of pressure. No specific replacement list is given.

The modern proposal combines larger guns for reach, numerous rapid-firing 3-inch mounts with strong broadside coverage, and as many effective close-in systems as the ship can accommodate.

Many cogs, with poor performance in storms.

Yes, provided there is enough work to make the arrangement economically viable.

Carrier designs would remain broadly familiar, with Britain probably seeking an Implacable-like design earlier. More powerful aircraft would not remove the need for protection while long-range warning remained uncertain.

Thread shape, internal seams and sharp edges matter when substitute pipe fittings carry electrical conductors.

Run-on's view is that they either do not know or do not care. A dispute over conduit size illustrates his wider concern about following instructions he considers technically wrong.

Timestamped photographs preserve the condition of completed wiring and help examine disputed reports of later faults.