Video
Queen Elizabeth Class: Brave 1st step/faltering leap/something else? & Patreon 73 Comment Response
Study Queen Elizabeth Class: Brave 1st step/faltering leap/something else? & Patreon 73 Comment Response, a Dr. Alex Clarke video from 25 Feb 2023, with 55 time notes. Topics include Arms Races, Dominion Navies, Geared…
Time notes
- 2:22QuestionWhy did large navies not simply fit the biggest gun they could build?AnswerQ&A
Because a major power that always used its maximum capability could turn a controlled naval competition into an uncontrolled arms race.
- 5:14QuestionCould Britain have built more Queen Elizabeth batches and introduced small-tube boilers in a later ship?AnswerQ&A
Yes, further batches were a plausible option, but Agincourt's addition after the Revenge orders and her place as a sixth ship make the intended programme less straightforward.
- 7:07QuestionAre there archival records showing that British designers tried not to upset the Americans before Queen Elizabeth?AnswerQ&A
No explicit archival record is identified here. The interpretation relies on personal references and inference from other discussions.
- 8:21QuestionWould Agincourt have adopted either 18-inch guns or small-tube boilers to avoid making too many changes at once?AnswerQ&A
The combination remains plausible: three twin turrets would be a layout change, while geared turbines would be the additional technology paired with small-tube boilers.
- 9:28QuestionWould Agincourt have carried six 18-inch guns, twelve 15-inch guns, or a new 16-inch battery?AnswerQ&A
Twin 18-inch mountings fit the proposed technological sequence, but the design remains an inference. A 16-inch step offered limited benefit, and the spare 15-inch turrets can be traced to other programmes.
- 13:17QuestionCould Germany answer a more powerful Queen Elizabeth with Zeppelins carrying armour-piercing bombs or torpedoes?AnswerQ&A
Dropping battleship shells was conceivable, but accurate aiming would be very difficult. The torpedo suggestion receives no developed answer.
- 13:54QuestionWould American press alarm about British battleships persuade Congress to fund a response?AnswerQ&A
Not necessarily. The widely understood Anglo-German naval race gave Britain a clear explanation for its construction.
- 14:14QuestionWhy did American designers draw Tillman battleships with such extreme armament?AnswerQ&A
To answer congressional demands for an ultimate battleship and make its cost apparent.
- 15:23QuestionCould Jellicoe have future-proofed the Queen Elizabeth class with oil firing, small-tube boilers, and three triple turrets?AnswerQ&A
Only with major prior investment and added risk: Britain lacked a dependable oil stockpile, small-tube machinery was not yet assured, and three turrets would make each turret loss more damaging.
- 19:15QuestionCould South Africa realistically operate an older dreadnought, and why would the Royal Navy place one there?AnswerQ&A
Yes, if Royal Navy training and support built the local service gradually, while Simon's Town and the Cape route gave the deployment strategic value beyond colonial policing.
- 22:01QuestionWould older British dreadnoughts be better kept in the Channel or Mediterranean than sent to Dominion fleets?AnswerQ&A
Those were possible roles, but an inferior dreadnought could send a weak deterrent signal, while overseas dispersal spread the fleet and reduced vulnerability to a surprise attack.
- 24:23QuestionWas the difference between six and eight guns minor compared with the difference in armour?AnswerQ&A
The point concerned tactical fire control: six guns had to be tested for ranging and effective fire, regardless of the separate armour comparison.
- 26:00When simulation technology distorts a historical comparisonNotable Point
An ahistorical fire-control setting helped the German ship score repeated long-range hits in a simulated battle.
- 28:25QuestionWhy could HMAS Australia be counted among Dominion dreadnoughts when she was a battlecruiser rather than a battleship?AnswerQ&A
Because contemporary usage treated battlecruisers as dreadnought-type armored cruisers and battleships as dreadnought-type battleships, with both belonging to the new capital-ship category.
- 30:06QuestionHave World of Warships and similar games been a disaster for naval scholarship?AnswerQ&A
No. They bring more people into naval history and make ship forms easier to inspect, although their interpretations and details are not always correct.
- 30:49QuestionWould transferring older British dreadnoughts to Dominion navies weaken the Royal Navy or create useful imperial strength?AnswerQ&A
The proposed transfers could strengthen imperial forces by keeping ships active, spreading costs, and training personnel, provided the ships remained available for wartime recall.
- 33:21How Dominion capital ships could fund shared naval infrastructureNotable Point
Local capital ships could justify dockyard spending and create infrastructure available to the wider Royal Navy.
- 36:28How slower battleships could obstruct GoebenNotable Point
Hypothetical Dominion deployments could place slower battleships across Goeben's route and limit her freedom to avoid combat.
- 39:54QuestionHow could naval decision-makers avoid being overmatched in debate by forceful political or senior-service personalities?AnswerQ&A
A capable senior aide could argue the professional case while the senior officer listened and assumed an apparent umpire role between the aide and the civilian leader.
- 41:27QuestionWhy did British designers consider a 16.5-inch gun instead of matching the US Navy's 16-inch caliber?AnswerQ&A
British development had followed roughly 1.5-inch steps, a 16.5-inch weapon had already received substantial research, and one inch over the 15-inch gun offered too little return by British calculations.
- 42:56QuestionHow would small-tube boilers, geared turbines, and triple turrets have changed the Queen Elizabeth class and later battlecruiser construction?AnswerQ&A
A 28-knot Queen Elizabeth would have been a true fast battleship, making 30-knot battlecruisers difficult to justify and pressuring other navies to raise battle-fleet speed.
- 49:25QuestionDid the definition of a fast battleship keep rising with the speed of each battlecruiser generation?AnswerQ&A
No. The classification used here begins at roughly 28 knots, rather than rising with each new battlecruiser generation.
- 49:44QuestionWas Germany wrong to build a large navy, or was the real failure that the High Seas Fleet lacked a coherent grand-strategic role?AnswerQ&A
Germany needed cruisers, trade protection, Baltic strength, and some battle-fleet backing, but the fleet it built was poorly integrated with national strategy and was positioned as an unmistakable threat to Britain.
- 51:46QuestionCould Germany have spent its battleship resources on railway guns, Baltic vessels, and western fortifications while defeating Russia first?AnswerQ&A
The alternative faces railway and mobility limits, costly fortifications, contrary army doctrine, and possible French countermeasures. Its Baltic assumptions also confuse shallow entry routes with the depth of the sea itself.
- 56:30QuestionWould twelve proven 15-inch guns have been more plausible for Agincourt, and why did the extra turret matter on Renown?AnswerQ&A
An 18-inch ship could answer American gun development, while triple 15-inch mountings should have been useful on Courageous if available. Renown's third turret supported a more effective ranging and firing sequence.
- 58:12QuestionWould building several Queen Elizabeth-class battleships for Canada have been better than the historical British capital-ship program?AnswerQ&A
They could strengthen imperial defence, but Canada would need major port and industrial investment. Earlier Iron Duke and Tiger orders could not simply be replaced, and a larger Queen Elizabeth programme would alter later construction choices.
- 1:01:17QuestionWere the British 18-inch guns developed primarily to replace old 100-ton coastal guns at Malta and Gibraltar?AnswerQ&A
No. Their design pattern shows a shipboard requirement, although a naval gun could later be adapted for land service.
- 1:02:16QuestionWhen did all-oil firing and small-tube boilers become realistic choices for Queen Elizabeth successors?AnswerQ&A
Oil became sensible once Britain funded the required stockpile and infrastructure. Agincourt appears to have been a later opportunity for small-tube boilers, while the Revenge class and Renowns retained older machinery.
- 1:04:49QuestionWhy did the Royal Navy move from a possible three-battleship and one-battlecruiser program to four Queen Elizabeth-class fast battleships?AnswerQ&A
Churchill's memorandum set out a minimum opening position, while four fast super-dreadnoughts supplied both battle-line power and the speed that reduced the need for a more expensive battlecruiser.
- 1:05:07QuestionWas the Royal Navy fleet flagship normally separate from its battle squadrons?AnswerQ&A
No. In Royal Navy practice it tended to operate within a squadron; the separate flagship arrangement is associated here with German practice.
- 1:05:32QuestionWhy send older dreadnoughts overseas instead of retaining them as a visible demonstration that Germany had lost the building race?AnswerQ&A
Britain faced worldwide naval commitments. Older ships could serve abroad, remain available for recall, and still count within the wider imperial strength facing Germany.
- 1:10:42QuestionWere the Queen Elizabeths thousands of tons overweight, and why did a design associated with 28 knots settle near 25 knots?AnswerQ&A
The 900-ton figure concerns inefficient use of weight after the move from coal to oil. Conservative machinery and hull form constrained speed, while differing displacement figures did not establish a 5,000-ton design error.
- 1:14:46QuestionWhy not delay the Queen Elizabeth programme for a year to give small-tube boilers more time?AnswerQ&A
An extra year offered no guarantee of suitable boilers and would sacrifice yard time while delaying ships that might be needed for war.
- 1:16:05QuestionWhy did Britain want to end the naval building race as quickly as possible?AnswerQ&A
Ending a major source of Anglo-German tension could create space for rapprochement or greater British neutrality, although an invasion of Belgium would still matter.
- 1:17:53QuestionDid the focus on winning the naval building race come at the expense of preparing a fleet to fight?AnswerQ&A
Fighting preparation remained the work of the First and Second Sea Lords, whose performance is judged favourably. The construction drive is not presented as evidence of neglect.
- 1:18:33QuestionWould the Francesco Caracciolo class have exposed the Queen Elizabeths as a rushed and quickly surpassed design?AnswerQ&A
On paper the Italian ships were formidable, but they were never completed, and British construction was moving fast enough that Agincourt or another successor could have entered service by the time they did.
- 1:22:41QuestionDid Queen Elizabeth have a uniform 13-inch belt while Nevada's armor varied under an all-or-nothing scheme?AnswerQ&A
No. Belt armor on both ships varied by height and position, and quoted maximum thickness usually describes only the main waterline portion.
- 1:23:24QuestionCould a one-off 18-inch HMS Agincourt have capped the qualitative battleship race, or would it have triggered a British-American building contest?AnswerQ&A
It was a gamble. One ship could establish a visible British lead without the provocation of a whole class, but that depended on how American industry and Congress responded.
- 1:25:04QuestionWould working on two different capital ships at once overburden the Director of Naval Construction?AnswerQ&A
No. The office often worked on three or four capital-ship designs concurrently.
- 1:27:20QuestionCould Congress answer one Agincourt by ordering two comparable battleships a year?AnswerQ&A
It could, but Britain had the capacity to match that rate, and the United States would first need time to develop an 18-inch gun.
- 1:29:07QuestionWould an American battleship with eight 18-inch guns erase the advantage of a six-gun Agincourt?AnswerQ&A
Only if the comparison also overcame Agincourt's proposed speed advantage. More guns would still leave Britain able to claim that its ship could choose when to fight.
- 1:30:13QuestionDid the Royal Navy organize its dreadnought building programs primarily to complete uniform squadrons?AnswerQ&A
Not consistently. Squadron organization was desirable, but changing gun generations, budgets, political additions, and industrial decisions produced uneven batches such as the four-plus-one-plus-one Queen Elizabeth sequence.
- 1:31:59Why Agincourt's timing mattered to the proposed arms-race strategyNotable Point
An early qualitative leap might exploit the continuing German race and American anxiety about battleship costs.
- 1:33:15QuestionWhy did the Royal Navy build the Revenge class when it looked like a step backward from Queen Elizabeth?AnswerQ&A
Political pressure demanded eight ships at an acceptable total price, and the funding available could not buy eight more Queen Elizabeths.
- 1:34:46Why gun counts could distort perceptions of naval superiorityNotable Point
Predictions based on Russian gun numbers at Tsushima illustrate the limits of public comparisons of fleet strength.
- 1:35:26QuestionIs there correspondence showing the political reasoning behind British gun selection?AnswerQ&A
There are personal discussions, but the policy is inferred from them. No explicit minuted statement of it is identified.
- 1:36:26QuestionCould triple turrets on the big-cat battlecruisers have changed later British battleship development?AnswerQ&A
Yes. Building an earlier battlecruiser with triple mountings could bring the technology into construction sooner and change the choices available to later designs.
- 1:37:35QuestionHow much infrastructure would Canada need to build and sustain its own Queen Elizabeth-class or later capital ships?AnswerQ&A
At least one suitable dry dock, preferably two, about two building slips for continuing construction, and industry able to supply steel and armour plate.
- 1:38:29QuestionWas Furious's 18-inch gun the same weapon as the one considered for later G3 and N3 designs?AnswerQ&A
No. Similar broad parameters did not mean the same gun: calibre lengths differed, and the gun's power had to be reduced for Furious's framing.
- 1:39:01QuestionHow could British shipyards go bankrupt during the height of the naval construction race?AnswerQ&A
Britain possessed more heavy shipbuilding capacity than even a major naval program continuously employed, and procurement choices did not distribute orders evenly among yards.
- 1:40:12Why a stronger Queen Elizabeth also changes her rivalsNotable Point
A reader's counterfactual caution: earlier British improvements would also alter later rival designs.
- 1:42:47QuestionCould three triple turrets free machinery space while giving a Queen Elizabeth derivative adequate firepower?AnswerQ&A
The Royal Navy was unlikely to accept that arrangement because one disabled turret removed one-third of the main battery; four triple turrets were more plausible, while three turrets appeared later under treaty pressure and remained unpopular.
- 1:45:27QuestionDo the quoted Queen Elizabeth displacement figures show major growth beyond the original design?AnswerQ&A
The figures use different loading conditions and definitions. The treaty-standard comparison given is 27,500 tons for Queen Elizabeth and 25,750 for Revenge, but the competing design figures are not fully reconciled.
- 1:49:49QuestionCould improved machinery provide enough power for a faster Agincourt?AnswerQ&A
An extrapolation from small-tube boilers paired with geared turbines suggests roughly 120,000 shaft horsepower, or about 110,000 conservatively. It remains an estimate, not a recovered trial result.
- 1:53:21QuestionDo the proposed Agincourt dimensions refer to overall length, waterline length, or length between perpendiculars?AnswerQ&A
They refer to overall length. Estimates of about 210 metres remain uncertain, and the larger armament explored in a game depends on the assumed hull.