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What the Frigates up with our Frigates? A Bilgepumps Christmas 2025 @Drachinifel& @wgowshipping

Study What the Frigates up with our Frigates? A Bilgepumps Christmas 2025 @Drachinifel& @wgowshipping, a Dr. Alex Clarke video from 17 Dec 2025, with 56 time notes. Topics include Anti-Submarine Warfare, Constellation…

Date
Runtime2:12:56
Guide points56 time notes

Time notes

  1. 4:50
    QuestionWhy did the US Navy choose a European design for Constellation, and how did that approach go wrong?Answer

    A mature FREMM derivative promised less development risk after LCS, but extensive American changes removed that advantage.

    Q&A
  2. 10:03
    QuestionHow is the British frigate program progressing, and what has Australia chosen for its lighter frigate?Answer

    Two British Type 26 hulls are described as afloat, while Australia has selected Mogami for the lighter role.

    Q&A
  3. 10:54
    QuestionIs there significant systems commonality between the British frigate designs Australia considered?Answer

    Clarke rejects extensive Type 26 and Type 31 commonality, citing different builders, design origins, and control systems.

    Q&A
  4. 11:46
    QuestionCould a replacement US frigate really launch in 2028, and which mature design could support that timetable?Answer

    Mercogliano considers the National Security Cutter the likely candidate, while the production pause and potential redesign leave the timetable uncertain.

    Q&A
  5. 13:52
    QuestionIs there still a role for an older frigate design amid drones and hypersonic missiles?Answer

    Clarke argues that Russian readiness problems make Black Sea losses an unreliable general test of the frigate, while Seidel stresses how much the threat has changed.

    Q&A
  6. 15:21
    The War of 1812 illustrates a reversal in frigate needs

    Powerful American heavy frigates and numerous British patrol frigates illustrate how a navy's wider fleet determines what its smaller ships must do.

    Notable Point
  7. 17:07
    Korean construction and Marauder offer different routes to more hulls

    A South Korean design transfer and container-carrying autonomous vessels offer contrasting ideas for increasing American surface-ship numbers.

    Notable Point
  8. 18:15
    Crewed frigates could command uncrewed escort groups

    Future task groups could use crewed frigates and destroyers to provide command, deterrence, and human presence for uncrewed wingmen.

    Chapter
  9. 20:54
    QuestionWhat should a frigate's primary role be when requirements keep turning it into a destroyer?Answer

    The proposed division gives frigates anti-submarine warfare and destroyers area air defence, with secondary capabilities retained in both.

    Q&A
  10. 22:24
    A tethered radar must work above a moving warship

    The Type 83's mooted tethered-drone radar shows how gaining sensor height creates difficult aviation, cable, weather, and station-keeping problems.

    Notable Point
  11. 24:05
    Hypersonic missiles do not end the defence contest

    Hypersonic weapons are a grave threat within the recurring historical contest between offensive innovations and new counters.

    Notable Point
  12. 26:05
    QuestionWhat might new US cruisers or Burke replacements contribute to the notional Golden Fleet?Answer

    Mercogliano's answer centers on larger, longer-ranged combatants supported by the replenishment ships needed for oceanic carrier movements.

    Q&A
  13. 28:31
    Procurement delay can age a design before it enters service

    The cutter alternative offers a buildable hull, but even that restart may leave the Navy waiting years for new frigates.

    Notable Point
  14. 29:48
    Zumwalt's hull survived its failed mission systems

    A conventional gun-and-VLS Zumwalt could have preserved a modern hull and avoided another disruptive return to Burke production.

    Chapter
  15. 31:16
    Guided-shell commonality can matter more than matching the gun

    A debate over Zumwalt's 155 mm gun separates common ammunition from sharing the expensive electronics inside guided shells.

    Notable Point
  16. 32:19
    Red Sea air defence and underwater-drone surveillance

    Mercogliano contrasts the requirements of drone-threatened merchant escort with a possible long-range underwater-drone threat.

    Notable Point
  17. 33:17
    Competing accounts of submarine-community influence

    Leadership appointments and branch identity prompt differing interpretations of surface-versus-submarine priorities.

    Notable Point
  18. 34:33
    QuestionIs shifting resources toward submarines sensible if frigates no longer seem to serve a purpose?Answer

    Mercogliano rejects that premise: surface ASW and escort work still has a role, exemplified by the Knox and Perry classes.

    Q&A
  19. 36:15
    The LST 100 plan tests strict change control

    A proposed LST 100-derived landing ship program is presented as a test of whether named ownership and tightly controlled change orders can preserve a foreign design.

    Notable Point
  20. 37:24
    Iterative construction, unit costs, and fleet availability

    Chinese construction and British Astute and Type 45 examples connect repeated building to learning, cost, and the number of deployable ships.

    Chapter
  21. 40:39
    Workers can leave before the last cutter is finished

    A class still being completed can already have lost the fabrication workers needed to start its next hull.

    Notable Point
  22. 41:39
    QuestionWhat happens to the Coast Guard if its planned large-cutter fleet stops at ten instead of twelve?Answer

    The missing hulls matter more because the Offshore Patrol Cutter replacement program is also delayed, leaving aging cutters in service.

    Q&A
  23. 44:03
    QuestionCould legal action against contractors or state takeover of yards help resolve shipbuilding failures, as in wartime?Answer

    Mercogliano agrees with Seidel's historical comparison, but argues that contractor remedies also have to confront Navy requirements and oversight.

    Q&A
  24. 46:21
    Technical responsibility in earlier naval procurement

    Polaris, Nimitz-class carriers, and the Royal Navy's construction hierarchy provide examples of sustained program responsibility.

    Chapter
  25. 48:19
    Royal Dockyards gave the Navy an independent price check

    State dockyards retained enough design and construction knowledge to challenge commercial estimates and test the true cost of a warship class.

    Notable Point
  26. 50:21
    Outsourced design and resident NAVSEA oversight

    Mercogliano's shipyard-executive account links temporary naval architects and frequent change orders to a loss of continuous design responsibility.

    Chapter
  27. 53:07
    Type 83 shows the price of doing every escort job

    Combining Type 26 quieting with Type 45 air-defence requirements would create an exceptionally capable but exceptionally expensive escort.

    Notable Point
  28. 55:34
    QuestionDoes commercial shipbuilding help explain why China, Japan, and South Korea can deliver naval ships quickly?Answer

    The response treats commercial volume as an important part of the explanation, alongside clear roles and restraint over changes.

    Q&A
  29. 57:56
    Shipyard knowledge depends on people staying connected

    Informal technical communities can share practical solutions, while distance between yards can obstruct that contact.

    Notable Point
  30. 1:01:07
    A welder's paid hours are not all welding hours

    An anecdote about a Navy secretary's Korean visit compares time spent welding with time absorbed by paperwork and other duties.

    Notable Point
  31. 1:01:33
    Survivability rules impose fleet-level tradeoffs

    Battle-damage examples prompt a qualified argument about additional redundancy, ship size, and the number of hulls a fleet can build.

    Chapter
  32. 1:03:15
    Automation can support crews without removing their role

    Automated boat handling and assisted firefighting illustrate the tension between labor-saving equipment and keeping full manual teams in place.

    Notable Point
  33. 1:05:53
    Public-yard contraction and the shipbuilding workforce

    Mercogliano traces the workforce problem through private-yard dependence, post-Cold War contraction, and interrupted naval programs.

    Chapter
  34. 1:10:34
    HMS Lancaster's farewell reflects Type 23 contraction

    Lancaster's overseas farewell prompts concern about the visibility of frigate retirements and the absence of a royal ceremony.

    Notable Point
  35. 1:15:12
    QuestionDid adapting FREMM to American practices trigger Constellation's cascading design changes?Answer

    Clarke emphasizes manning and damage-control changes; Drachinifel identifies an additional problem in demanding several variants' combat capabilities from one hull.

    Q&A
  36. 1:21:47
    Third-rate does not mean badly built

    Age-of-sail ratings explain why a fleet needs well-built standard combatants and escorts as well as its most expensive first-rate ships.

    Notable Point
  37. 1:23:23
    Survivability standards depend on the ship's mission

    The FREMM debate asks how differences in national construction standards should be judged against the intended escort role.

    Notable Point
  38. 1:26:44
    Flower and Fletcher illustrate different escort expectations

    World War II escort types provide an analogy for the mismatch between buying an affordable ASW ship and demanding a general-purpose destroyer.

    Notable Point
  39. 1:28:41
    Consultants and institutional memory in ship design

    A historical yard-inspection example contrasts identifiable technical responsibility with the difficulties described in dispersed oversight.

    Chapter
  40. 1:30:14
    Personal accounts of impractical engineering changes

    Personal engineering anecdotes illustrate how technical objections can be lost when senior requests go unchallenged.

    Notable Point
  41. 1:34:31
    F100 capabilities and the expanded Constellation requirement

    F100's weapons and radar resemble much of the expanded requirement, with shorter range and weaker ASW provision as explicit disadvantages.

    Chapter
  42. 1:36:50
    The Burke can become the default model for every surface ship

    The Burke-default hypothesis asks whether familiarity with one combatant has displaced clear thinking about a frigate's separate role.

    Notable Point
  43. 1:39:04
    Type 26 and River illustrate the cost of an early eligibility rule

    The requirement for a design already in service excluded Type 26, even though the later Canadian variant resembled the expanded American specification.

    Notable Point
  44. 1:40:10
    Visitor facilities explain apparently excessive ship toilets

    A personal account of a ministerial design discussion explains why visiting guests need facilities close to a reception area.

    Notable Point
  45. 1:41:33
    Order commitments, pay, and shipyard capacity

    The capacity argument distinguishes a guaranteed multi-year workload from an aspiration to build more ships each year.

    Chapter
  46. 1:45:17
    A hypothetical second Type 45 batch spreads development costs

    An illustrative continuation of Type 45 uses a different launcher fit to explore the cost of extending a mature production run.

    Notable Point
  47. 1:46:37
    Cancellation restarts the promise of more ships sooner

    The stated case for a replacement program repeats Constellation's original speed-and-numbers objective.

    Notable Point
  48. 1:48:20
    QuestionWhat could the US Navy do with two Constellation frigates that lack a wider class?Answer

    The possibilities raised are test-bed service or transfer to an ally; no final use is established.

    Q&A
  49. 1:50:09
    Competing Freedom frigate concepts complicate the comparison

    Different proposed LCS derivatives make it difficult to know which size, speed, and machinery assumptions a frigate comparison is using.

    Notable Point
  50. 1:51:31
    Coast Guard capacity concerns about the cutter adaptation

    The concern is that adapting cutters for the Navy could leave the Coast Guard short while its other replacement program is delayed.

    Notable Point
  51. 1:53:11
    A smaller cutter hull limits the replacement frigate's fit

    The cutter concept has potential as a smaller ASW escort, but fitting a deeper launcher would recreate some of Constellation's layout problems.

    Chapter
  52. 1:57:46
    ASROC and ESSM compete for a small frigate's launcher space

    A twelve-cell example shows how adding an anti-submarine weapon can reduce the self-defence magazine and prompt another request for a bigger hull.

    Notable Point
  53. 2:00:06
    Technical literacy matters to procurement accountability

    VLS-cell counts and historic ship ratings provide examples of technical mistakes in public naval discussion.

    Notable Point
  54. 2:02:40
    Different warship roles combine within a fleet

    Age-of-sail ratings become a model for modern carrier, destroyer, and frigate tiers whose different strengths combine in a task group.

    Chapter
  55. 2:03:59
    Heavier frigate guns required suitable hulls

    The response to American heavy frigates illustrates why increased armament called for larger or cut-down hulls.

    Notable Point
  56. 2:06:17
    QuestionWhat should be included in the decision process for a future frigate?Answer

    Drachinifel's Warrior principle is to define the capability, verify the required systems, and then design a hull to contain them before building.

    Q&A