Video
Patreon 43: "Unverified stories of Norwegian Campaign: Tall Tales of Tribals"
Study Patreon 43: "Unverified stories of Norwegian Campaign: Tall Tales of Tribals", a Dr. Alex Clarke video from 23 Jan 2022, with 65 time notes. Topics include Destroyer Design, Narvik, Naval Air Defence.
Time notes
- 3:57HMCS Haida and the Tribal-class legacyNotable Point
HMCS Haida is introduced as the last surviving Tribal-class destroyer and a tangible link to a much larger wartime class.
- 11:04QuestionWould building HMS Incomparable have forced the United States to match Britain or accept second-power status?AnswerQ&A
Not automatically; American prestige favored matching Britain, but Senate funding and the negotiated balance among cruiser categories would still determine the actual fleet.
- 14:39QuestionIf Hood and HMS Incomparable had both been built, would Incomparable have become the pride of the Royal Navy?AnswerQ&A
Probably yes; the fleet's largest ship usually held that informal prestige, and Incomparable would have exceeded Hood in size.
- 22:29QuestionWhat would a Norwegian coastal-defense ship ordered in 1913 probably have looked like, and where would it have been built?AnswerQ&A
Probably a development of Norway's existing coastal-defense ships or the monitor-like designs later taken by Britain, most likely built in a British yard.
- 24:23Altmark: neutrality, prisoners, and a risky rescueChapter
The Altmark incident shows how neutral-water law, merchant prisoners, and wartime necessity collided in a Norwegian fjord.
- 32:26How Cossack boarded AltmarkNotable Point
A close-quarters manoeuvre in Jøssingfjord let Cossack's boarding party seize Altmark and free the prisoners.
- 38:08Why swords at Altmark remain plausible but unverifiedNotable Point
Conflicting recollections about swords in the Altmark boarding reveal how personnel origins and witness wording can reconcile apparently incompatible accounts.
- 40:46QuestionCould Canada's Tribal-class destroyers have been modernized for service beyond the 1960s?AnswerQ&A
Possibly for a navy with gentler requirements, but Canadian ships were already heavily worn after more than twenty years of demanding service.
- 45:03Why Tribal flotillas had senior commandersNotable Point
Philip Vian's command reflects the unusually senior leadership assigned to the Tribal destroyer flotillas.
- 46:35QuestionHow was the Altmark incident viewed internationally when Britain had plainly entered neutral waters?AnswerQ&A
Britain was recognized as having broken neutrality, but the prisoners aboard Altmark made German protests look compromised because Germany had exploited that neutrality first.
- 51:28QuestionHow different might the Royal Navy's actual HMS Incomparable have been from Fisher's proposal?AnswerQ&A
Probably substantially different, with geared turbines, more armour, and a design life suited to long Royal Navy service even if the large guns and speed concept survived.
- 53:49Why the Grom-class destroyers needed topweight reductionsNotable Point
The British-built Polish Grom class suited Baltic service but needed visible changes when North Sea and Atlantic stability became more important.
- 56:24QuestionWhat might have happened if Norwegian forces had resisted Cossack during the Altmark incident?AnswerQ&A
The clash could have produced an early British intervention or port concessions, because discovery of the prisoners would have weakened Norway's political case and Germany was not yet ready to move quickly.
- 1:01:57QuestionWhy do battle-honour rankings not fully reflect how often destroyers fought?AnswerQ&A
Destroyer actions were often bundled into campaign honours, while a battleship engagement was more readily counted as a separate battle.
- 1:02:31QuestionWhat caused the black staining seen near the bridge and funnels in photographs of Tribal-class destroyers?AnswerQ&A
Fuel-oil handling in that area was one likely source, and nearby shipboard waste areas could also leave marks.
- 1:03:23QuestionWhat might Britain have done if it had discovered Quisling's meetings with German leaders before the invasion of Norway?AnswerQ&A
Britain would probably have mobilized sooner, although Quisling's marginal position meant the contacts revealed more about German intent than Norwegian political control.
- 1:06:00QuestionWas Henry Harwood a commodore by substantive rank at the Battle of the River Plate?AnswerQ&A
No; he was a captain holding a commodore appointment, a distinction the Royal Navy retained until commodore became a constituted rank in the 1990s.
- 1:07:55QuestionHow did destroyers generate the smoke screens used to hide ships and formations?AnswerQ&A
They could alter boiler combustion, use a dedicated smoke generator, or deploy chemical smoke pots over the side.
- 1:09:03QuestionWhat would the proposed L70 'super-Tribal' destroyer have resembled?AnswerQ&A
Something much like a Daring-class destroyer, but potentially entering service around 1939 to 1941 rather than in the 1950s.
- 1:15:28QuestionHow might Allied control of Norway, alongside better outcomes in Crete and North Africa, have changed the wider Second World War?AnswerQ&A
It could have opened bombing and Baltic-interdiction routes against Germany while freeing British naval strength for the Mediterranean and Far East, creating a much shorter European war in the most favorable version of the scenario.
- 1:22:05QuestionWhat if Germany held Spain and Crete while Britain retained Gibraltar and Norway?AnswerQ&A
Germany would likely be trapped in a costly Iberian occupation and logistics war while British carriers, Gibraltar bases, and Norway created pressure on several fronts.
- 1:28:02Gurkha's loss and the problem of air-attack tacticsChapter
Gurkha's sinking exposed an early-war uncertainty over whether individual manoeuvre or a concentrated screen best resisted air attack.
- 1:36:07QuestionWhat kind of war would develop if Germany held southern Norway while Britain and its allies held the north?AnswerQ&A
A difficult land stalemate would be likely, but northern bases would substantially strengthen Allied maritime patrol and Arctic convoy protection.
- 1:37:48QuestionCould Tribal-class destroyers accompanying Hood and Prince of Wales have changed the Battle of the Denmark Strait?AnswerQ&A
They could have kept up in the heavy sea and forced Bismarck to manoeuvre against a multi-axis torpedo attack, greatly complicating her gunnery and escape, though the outcome remains counterfactual.
- 1:44:10QuestionDid fixed-wing attacks on major warships in the First World War provide useful air-defence lessons for the Second?AnswerQ&A
Only to a limited extent, because attacks by one or two aircraft offered little preparation for the massed formations encountered later.
- 1:45:38QuestionCould Britain, Russia, and the United States defeat Germany if it controlled much of Western Europe by June 1915?AnswerQ&A
Yes, but only through a long and painful war in which secure British ports, resistance in occupied territory, and Russian and American resources eroded Germany's initial advantage.
- 1:48:04QuestionHow were underwater torpedo tubes aimed on capital ships?AnswerQ&A
The tube fired on a fixed line, while the torpedo-control team programmed the weapon to turn onto the required course after launch.
- 1:49:16What PQ 17's escort layers reveal about coalition fleet organizationNotable Point
An on-air order-of-battle check separates PQ 17's close escort, cruiser covering force, and distant battlefleet support to locate where British and American destroyers served.
- 1:53:31QuestionWere the Tribals enlarged destroyers or scaled-down cruisers?AnswerQ&A
They were an enlarged destroyer hull carrying destroyer weapons in a layout influenced by cruiser studies.
- 1:55:25QuestionWould HMS Glorious and her escorts still have been lost under a more careful Norwegian-campaign command arrangement?AnswerQ&A
Probably not, because the carrier would have remained inside a cruiser-and-destroyer group instead of sailing with inadequate operational security.
- 1:57:17QuestionHow might 16-inch guns have changed the King George V-class battleships and the Bismarck campaign?AnswerQ&A
Proven triple 16-inch mountings might have produced earlier, more reliable ships and put two modern heavy-gun battleships, rather than Hood and Prince of Wales, in Bismarck's path.
- 1:58:49QuestionWhat might Fisher do if shown the plans of much later battleships in 1913?AnswerQ&A
He would probably press for an immediate jump to 18-inch guns, lengthening the Queen Elizabeth design and expanding shipyard capacity to build it.
- 2:00:56QuestionHow many Tribal-class destroyers would normally be assigned to escort a capital ship such as Hood?AnswerQ&A
Usually a half-flotilla of about four, sometimes reinforced by a leader, a full flotilla, or another destroyer half-flotilla when several capital ships were present.
- 2:04:07QuestionWould a battlecruiser use 18- or 20-inch battleship guns, or retain a smaller battery to preserve speed?AnswerQ&A
It would probably keep 15- or 16-inch guns unless the navy accepted a much larger hull, because the heavier mountings would threaten the speed requirement.
- 2:05:01QuestionHow much did the Tribal design influence destroyers built in the missile era?AnswerQ&A
Its exact layout did not continue, but later destroyers returned to the stronger framing and structural philosophy that the Type 42 had moved away from.
- 2:05:39QuestionDid the Royal Navy design major ships around the limits of the Panama Canal?AnswerQ&A
No; Suez was the important canal because British Far East reinforcement plans ran from the Mediterranean through the Indian Ocean.
- 2:12:14QuestionHow mismatched were Hood and Bismarck when their capability is compared with the displacement each design required?AnswerQ&A
Less mismatched than Bismarck's reputation suggests; even an unmodernized Hood rates close to her, while a fully modernized Hood would be the more efficient design.
- 2:15:51Why Commonwealth Tribal history required archival visitsNotable Point
Travel restrictions postponed Canadian and Australian Tribal chapters that depended on direct archival and ship-based research.
- 2:16:47Why cruiser-calibre guns did not make a better destroyerNotable Point
German attempts to place cruiser-calibre weapons on destroyer hulls sacrificed rate of fire without giving the ships a reliable answer to light cruisers.
- 2:19:15QuestionWhy did Royal Navy destroyers use a raised forecastle and a deck that stepped down aft instead of a flush deck?AnswerQ&A
The high bow improved seakeeping, while the lower after deck saved weight, reduced topweight, and helped torpedo operation.
- 2:20:30QuestionWhat advice would help a prospective high-school history teacher reach different students?AnswerQ&A
Find each student's access point into history and connect the broader context to what already interests them.
- 2:22:31Second Narvik: Warspite, reconnaissance, and fighting destroyersChapter
Second Narvik paired Warspite and Swordfish reconnaissance with Tribal-class destroyers built for close, fast-moving surface combat.
- 2:26:11Cossack's local-control gunnery at NarvikNotable Point
Damage to Cossack's fire-control systems did not end her contribution at Narvik; her crews continued the fight on local control.
- 2:27:29Eskimo's prewar diplomacy and early-war confusionNotable Point
Before Narvik, Eskimo moved from deterrent exercises and a Cherbourg goodwill visit into patrols where high alert nearly produced a destroyer-on-destroyer engagement.
- 2:28:32What the Tribal destroyers were built to doNotable Point
The Tribal class paired strong all-round gunfire with a tactical role: suppress enemy forces so conventional destroyers could close for torpedo attack.
- 2:29:55Eskimo loses her bow but keeps fightingNotable Point
A torpedo tore away Eskimo's bow at Narvik, but the destroyer completed her turn, fired again, and escaped the fjord.
- 2:32:45Eskimo's repeated damage and multi-theater serviceNotable Point
Narvik was only the first of Eskimo's severe damage episodes, followed by further repairs and service from the Bismarck chase to major Allied amphibious operations.
- 2:34:56QuestionHow useful would a modern cruiser or other large surface combatant be?AnswerQ&A
Useful but expensive, with real fleet-wide value appearing only when enough ships are bought to provide regular availability rather than one exceptional escort.
- 2:37:49High operational tempo, not a weak classNotable Point
The heavy loss and maintenance record of the Tribal class is linked to demanding missions and intense use, rather than simply to a defective design.
- 2:38:50QuestionHow long did merchant shipping continue to use coal after navies moved toward oil?AnswerQ&A
Possibly into the late twentieth century, because some coal-fired ships were reportedly still being built in the 1960s and remained viable where coal supply and mechanized handling favored them.
- 2:41:59QuestionWere the Nelson-class battleships poor designs, and how did they fit Royal Navy fleet doctrine?AnswerQ&A
They were solid but imperfect ships; more importantly, their service belonged to a doctrine of distributed, mutually supporting squadrons rather than Churchill's image of one decisive battle line.
- 2:46:24QuestionHow did destroyer gun mountings differ from larger-ship mountings, and what would an earlier 4.5-inch upper-deck mount have meant for the Tribals?AnswerQ&A
An upper-deck mount concentrated its machinery above deck and saved weight; if the twin 4.5-inch version had matured earlier, the Tribals could have carried a far more effective dual-purpose battery.
- 2:53:57Namsos: Tribals as amphibious command shipsChapter
At Namsos, the Tribal destroyers combined reconnaissance, troop movement, and command space in a narrow-fjord campaign.
- 2:54:56Afridi's loss after the successful Namsos evacuationChapter
Afridi helped evacuate the Namsos force without losing a transport, then succumbed to two bomb hits while the convoy returned to the fleet.
- 2:57:21Countering a railway gun at NamsosNotable Point
A Tribal destroyer used rapid naval gunfire to silence a German railway gun that repeatedly emerged from a tunnel to shell positions.
- 3:01:28QuestionDid the Royal Navy's aggressive tradition ever hinder operations rather than help them?AnswerQ&A
Sometimes it created danger, but its overall value was positive because the doctrine emphasized calculated offensive risk rather than stupidity or automatic attack.
- 3:07:48QuestionHow did Tribal-class destroyers work with light and heavy cruisers when the cruisers already provided strong gunfire?AnswerQ&A
They screened the cruiser force, countered close destroyer threats, and provided the fighting cover needed to get the cruisers safely out of danger.
- 3:09:50QuestionCould naming another 1949 Daring-class destroyer HMS Diana have protected the larger order from cancellation?AnswerQ&A
Possibly. Diana was a traditional D-class name, and its public association could have made cancelling that ship politically awkward.
- 3:12:30QuestionDid Tribal-class destroyers encounter Japanese kamikaze attacks?AnswerQ&A
They operated in the region, but none was hit, and relatively few kamikaze attacks were directed toward Malaya by then.
- 3:12:58QuestionWhy did Tribal-class destroyers have one thick funnel and one much thinner funnel?AnswerQ&A
The forward funnel combined two sets of boiler uptakes, while the after funnel served only one.
- 3:13:39How a symbolic ship name can protect a procurement programNotable Point
The choice to place Doris Miller later in the carrier program may pair deserved commemoration with a politically powerful obstacle to cancellation.
- 3:18:03QuestionHow should historians judge the effectiveness of air attacks against ships when many attacks failed?AnswerQ&A
Count the repeated unsuccessful attacks as well as the famous hits, and distinguish sustained Mediterranean pressure from short Pacific battles.
- 3:21:53QuestionWhy were the last planned Tribal-class destroyers cancelled?AnswerQ&A
The Battle class was considered a better wartime design because its 4.5-inch armament offered more useful dual-purpose fire, with the Daring class following later.
- 3:22:52QuestionWhy is HMS Queen Elizabeth not officially named for Elizabeth II, and was King George V named for a sitting monarch?AnswerQ&A
Royal Navy convention avoids naming ships directly for the reigning monarch; Queen Elizabeth invokes Elizabeth I, while George VI named the later King George V class for his father.
- 3:25:28QuestionHow can someone deepen their historical knowledge without taking formal courses?AnswerQ&A
Start with a subject you already enjoy, write down the questions it raises, follow them into more focused books, and ask knowledgeable people when you need guidance.