Video
Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (9)
Study Bruships: A Special - Questions/What ifs till the Bru runs out? (9), a Dr. Alex Clarke video from 26 Dec 2021, with 64 time notes. Topics include Aircraft Carriers, Battlecruisers, Live Q&A.
Time notes
- 4:19QuestionWhat if naval treaties created a frigate category for fast anti-submarine escorts?AnswerQ&A
A counted frigate category could turn fast ASW escorts into a treaty obligation and pressure Britain to build the ships that an unrestricted sloop category did not guarantee.
- 9:48QuestionWhat if battlecruisers had been a separate treaty category?AnswerQ&A
Separate allowances could preserve fast capital ships, alter Japanese and American conversion choices, and slow or redirect early carrier development.
- 12:30QuestionIf Hood replaced Beatty at Jutland, would Britain still lose three battlecruisers?AnswerQ&A
Possibly, but Hood's stronger communications could bring the fleet action earlier and give Jellicoe more options, changing where the battlecruisers were exposed.
- 14:35Hood and Bismarck mattered differently to their fleetsNotable Point
Hood's destruction was a severe British loss, but Bismarck's destruction removed a far larger share of Germany's usable heavy surface force.
- 15:13QuestionWhich ships would create the most destructive collision?AnswerQ&A
Two fully loaded LNG carriers, because their hazardous cargo makes the consequences of a collision exceptionally severe.
- 16:21QuestionWhat if A-10s were transported back to 1940?AnswerQ&A
They would give the Allies overwhelming close-air-support power, and their rough-field maintainability would make them more sustainable than their technological sophistication suggests.
- 19:03QuestionCould a 1945-standard Force Z survive the air attack that destroyed the historical force?AnswerQ&A
Possibly, but only if its improved radar worked and the force coordinated the resulting warning effectively.
- 19:55QuestionHow would a national armoured-cruiser tonnage allowance play out?AnswerQ&A
It would likely encourage replacement programmes and designs that could be rapidly strengthened, such as large County-like cruisers prepared for wartime armour.
- 22:50QuestionWould treaty parity have prevented Japanese militarists from exploiting resentment over naval limits?AnswerQ&A
Not necessarily; Japan might instead have strained its economy trying to match two much wealthier naval powers, creating a different source of instability.
- 24:08QuestionWhich Second World War aircraft carriers would be most interesting in a surface gunfight?AnswerQ&A
The early Lexingtons had the heaviest cruiser-style guns, but an armoured British carrier or HMS Unicorn would be difficult and historically revealing opponents.
- 25:43QuestionWhat would a modern navy built to interwar cruiser, battleship, carrier, and destroyer limits look like?AnswerQ&A
It could use enlarged Daring-type ships and small ASW escorts, but modern carriers and major combatants no longer fit comfortably into the old displacement bands.
- 27:40QuestionDid the Royal Navy use the Walrus as a light transport before its postwar service?AnswerQ&A
Yes; Walruses routinely moved admirals and senior officers and functioned as fleet taxis.
- 28:03QuestionWho made warship floatplane launching a comparatively safe and routine practice?AnswerQ&A
The Royal Navy probably fielded the practical system first through greater 1920s investment, although several navies reached similar ideas at roughly the same time.
- 29:41QuestionIf Australia and New Zealand could receive British ships discarded under the Washington Naval Treaty, who would take what?AnswerQ&A
Australia would favor battlecruisers, while New Zealand would more likely choose destroyers and perhaps older armoured cruisers that it could crew and support.
- 30:09QuestionIs the Italian navy's Second World War impact overrated because Britain fought on many fronts?AnswerQ&A
Its impact was real, but without other commitments Britain could concentrate much more naval air power and battle-fleet strength against Italy.
- 39:29QuestionWhy is manufacturing naval gun barrels so complicated?AnswerQ&A
At naval scale, barrel weight, shell loads, heat, pressure, and self-support create structural problems that do not matter in a rifle to the same degree.
- 40:12Unrepaired damage could blunt Goeben and Breslau's escapeNotable Point
Escaping would preserve Goeben and Breslau only if damage did not prevent their later Black Sea and Mediterranean operations.
- 41:46QuestionCould retained battlecruisers in Australian and New Zealand service lead to useful modern replacements?AnswerQ&A
Yes; their mid-1930s replacement could support a larger British-built class of fast battleships, potentially based on the F3 design.
- 46:01QuestionHow long would the 1948 Supermarine Seagull have lasted before helicopters took over its job?AnswerQ&A
Probably only into the mid-1950s, because helicopters could perform nearly all of its intended roles and would displace it by the early 1960s.
- 51:09QuestionHow does an engineering background influence your approach to naval history?AnswerQ&A
It encourages a forensic approach that tests claims against evidence, technical realities, and the difference between what is said and what was actually done.
- 52:42QuestionHow realistic is The Cruel Sea's depiction of life in North Atlantic convoy escorts?AnswerQ&A
Very realistic, largely because many of its writers and production personnel had served in convoy escort operations.
- 54:43QuestionHow did the US Navy intend to use nuclear shells carried by Des Moines-class cruisers?AnswerQ&A
Primarily against shore targets, with massed enemy shipping as a possible secondary target.
- 1:05:08QuestionWould a refitted Hood retain her aircraft facilities after 1943?AnswerQ&A
Probably not, because a larger carrier force would make organic aircraft on the battlecruiser less necessary.
- 1:05:57QuestionWhy did the Royal Navy favour armoured carriers despite their smaller air groups?AnswerQ&A
Protection could keep the carrier and its aircraft operating on later days of a campaign, though larger displacement would have eased the air-group trade-off.
- 1:07:41QuestionHow large and capable a warship could be built within one year?AnswerQ&A
Roughly a two- to three-thousand-ton patrol or escort ship, provided it uses established designs and readily available combat systems.
- 1:12:32QuestionWhat if the War Office papers in Singapore had been saved from Japanese capture?AnswerQ&A
Britain would gain a small advantage, but Japan could still infer most deployments and weaknesses from other intelligence and visible preparations.
- 1:14:18QuestionHow do a warship's immunity zones work?AnswerQ&A
They are range bands where both direct and plunging fire are less effective against the armour scheme, not zones in which a ship cannot be damaged.
- 1:15:41QuestionWhat would a 22,000-ton treaty warship be called, and how should it be armed?AnswerQ&A
It would most plausibly be an armoured cruiser with guns in the ten- to twelve-inch range.
- 1:16:29QuestionWhy does British naval-treaty practice sometimes look like cheating?AnswerQ&A
Because Britain often negotiated useful allowances into the rules, making self-serving conduct technically compliant rather than a straightforward treaty violation.
- 1:18:54QuestionCould a replacement aircraft carrier be completed faster than a battleship during the Second World War?AnswerQ&A
Yes; the battleship's armor and giant guns create additional production and fitting delays.
- 1:21:06QuestionWould Hood have been safe if she completed her turn at Denmark Strait?AnswerQ&A
No guarantee exists; the turn might make the fatal salvo miss, but Bismarck was already ranged on Hood and could continue effective fire.
- 1:25:52Testing Hood theories against the battle timelineNotable Point
The strongest analysis begins with the observed sequence of Hood's loss and asks which physical explanation fits it, instead of reshaping the sequence around a preferred cause.
- 1:27:57QuestionWould three additional inches of deck armour save Hood, and how would it change her tactics?AnswerQ&A
It would extend Hood's preferred range against plunging fire, but extra deck armour alone would not guarantee survival and deeper belt protection might matter more.
- 1:28:43QuestionHow important was Northern Ireland to Royal Navy basing and shipbuilding?AnswerQ&A
Its air and basing value was useful, but the largest effect of losing it would be the redistribution of major shipbuilding work from Belfast to other British regions.
- 1:33:47QuestionWas the Metropolitan Railway founded by American investors and therefore using American railroad terminology?AnswerQ&A
No; its major early backing was British, and its terminology arose from local construction, purpose, and figures such as Charles Pearson.
- 1:36:28QuestionWhat role did the Falkland Islands play as a Royal Navy base during the Second World War?AnswerQ&A
They provided protected repair and fuel support, freeing warships to hunt raiders instead of escorting vulnerable supply ships at sea.
- 1:41:16QuestionDid the Royal Navy try to rebuild E-class destroyers with a modern dual-purpose main battery?AnswerQ&A
Not as a general programme; the ships were still new, and their existing 4.7-inch guns had originally been regarded as dual-purpose.
- 1:41:52QuestionDid the Red Flag Act of 1865 have a significant effect on British commercial transport?AnswerQ&A
Yes in establishing standards, but no as an immediate transformation because consistent implementation took much longer.
- 1:45:00QuestionWhat air group might Ark Royal carry if she survived to join the late Pacific war?AnswerQ&A
Probably a Corsair-heavy group with many Fireflies and some Avengers.
- 1:45:55QuestionWhat if HMS Illustrious had been sunk during Operation Excess?AnswerQ&A
Britain would suffer an immediate operational loss, but the shock could drive a much more aggressive carrier-construction programme.
- 1:46:31QuestionHow did the US Navy react to the British Tribal-class destroyers?AnswerQ&A
It regarded them as interesting but retained torpedo-heavy large destroyers because American doctrine prioritized mass torpedo attacks.
- 1:51:46QuestionHow good was the Royal Navy's 4.7-inch gun, and why did the 4.5-inch replace it for dual-purpose work?AnswerQ&A
The 4.7-inch was useful but too long and heavy for fast high-angle handling; the lighter 4.5-inch was easier to train and elevate.
- 1:52:30QuestionWhat if Hood suffered a catastrophic engine failure before fighting Bismarck?AnswerQ&A
An early failure could keep Hood out and bring King George V alongside Prince of Wales, replacing the historical battle with a two-battleship pursuit.
- 1:55:51QuestionWith ten years' warning of the Second World War, how should Britain prepare Hood and the fleet?AnswerQ&A
Invest in radar, escorts, conversion-ready support ships, and carrier air power so Hood operates inside a much better prepared fleet.
- 1:57:51QuestionIf Force Z survived the Japanese air attack, how might Britain reinforce and command it?AnswerQ&A
A senior admiral, possibly Somerville, could command from Repulse while Renown and a carrier reinforced the surviving battle group.
- 2:00:00Early warning preserves shipyards and heavier battleship choicesNotable Point
A decade of certain warning would keep interwar yards busy with refits and let Britain reject the fourteen-inch King George V design for heavier guns.
- 2:01:27QuestionWhen did Admiral Tom Phillips die?AnswerQ&A
He appears to have died aboard Prince of Wales during the Japanese attacks on Force Z.
- 2:01:42QuestionCould modernized Renown have survived if she replaced Repulse in Force Z?AnswerQ&A
Possibly, because of her better anti-aircraft fit, but Repulse already maneuvered superbly and Renown would be the more valuable ship to lose.
- 2:03:08QuestionDoes Neville Chamberlain receive an unfairly harsh modern judgment despite rearming Britain while publicly pursuing peace?AnswerQ&A
Partly, but his visible uncertainty still compares poorly with Churchill's confidence and helps explain why public memory treats them so differently.
- 2:05:03QuestionIf every naval power could retain four battlecruisers, what would Britain keep or build?AnswerQ&A
Britain could retain its three fast capital ships, finish a G3, and convert other G3 hulls into larger, more purpose-shaped carriers.
- 2:11:00QuestionHow would Irish Dominion status or wartime cooperation affect British operations?AnswerQ&A
It would add western basing, training space, and aircraft reach, making Irish territory a useful rear area for Atlantic operations.
- 2:12:46QuestionWhat changes if the Channel Dash ends in disaster for Germany?AnswerQ&A
With only Tirpitz left as a major German surface threat, Britain could shift more naval strength to the Eastern or Pacific war sooner.
- 2:13:38QuestionIf Dreadnought had used centerline triple turrets, would triples become standard?AnswerQ&A
Eventually; the first successor generation would still use many twin mounts, but later battleships would likely standardize on triples.
- 2:14:37Irish participation could reinforce the Norwegian campaignNotable Point
An Ireland fighting alongside Britain might hold two divisions outside the French commitment and make them available for rapid deployment to Norway.
- 2:15:23QuestionCould Britain keep potential escort hulls and shipyard workers available by discouraging merchant-ship scrapping in the early 1930s?AnswerQ&A
Yes, and ordinary administrative delays in the scrapping process could preserve options before a special subsidy programme was even necessary.
- 2:16:20The unfinished 1920 South Dakotas were slow but overwhelmingNotable Point
The six treaty-cancelled battleships reached very different stages of construction and paired twelve 16-inch guns with a 23-knot speed.
- 2:19:25QuestionHow would the Royal Navy respond if Bismarck, Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, and Prinz Eugen sortied together?AnswerQ&A
It would mass battleships, a battlecruiser, carriers, and escorts into an all-arms task force rather than fight in penny packets.
- 2:20:50QuestionHow would Japanese ships measure up if Britain and the United States completed more of their 1920s capital ships?AnswerQ&A
Japan would face a serious imbalance, especially if Britain completed the G3s and followed them with an N3-derived class.
- 2:21:24Irish air training trades weather for shorter logisticsNotable Point
Canada offered better training weather, but an allied Ireland would let Britain move pilots by air instead of consuming transatlantic shipping capacity.
- 2:26:10QuestionHow would better Imperial Japanese Army and Navy cooperation affect Japanese war plans?AnswerQ&A
Standardized equipment, fewer parallel production lines, and better information sharing could increase what Japan's industry produced and improve planning.
- 2:28:23QuestionWhat changes if Norfolk and Suffolk maintain contact and Holland crosses Bismarck's T?AnswerQ&A
The geometry helps, but the decisive addition may be a coordinated destroyer attack that forces Bismarck to answer several threats at once.
- 2:30:56QuestionHow did sailing-ship infrastructure adapt to steam and steel construction?AnswerQ&A
Gradually, through decades of adding metalwork and machinery to wooden construction until some yards modernized and others became unusable.
- 2:33:56QuestionWhat might battleships look like by the late 1930s without naval treaties?AnswerQ&A
After rebuilding naval infrastructure, major powers could plausibly reach near-100,000-ton ships with batteries such as twelve 18-inch guns.
- 2:35:14QuestionWas any steam-and-steel fleet worse than Russia's Second Pacific Squadron?AnswerQ&A
Some Ottoman, British, and pre-Roosevelt American forces rivaled parts of its dysfunction, but the Russian squadron's particular combination of failures remained distinctive.