When World War II submarines needed dry docking

Did other navies have to take their World War II submarines out of the water for repairs?

Yes, when the repair required it, especially for pressure-hull work. Their small size allowed them to use modest dry docks, sometimes alongside other vessels.

The repair determines whether a submarine has to leave the water. Pressure-hull work requires a dry dock or another dry facility. World War II submarines were much smaller than modern nuclear attack and ballistic-missile boats, putting their docking needs closer to those of contemporary destroyers. They could use small fixed or mobile dry docks, and several vessels could sometimes share one dock while undergoing repairs.