Why Tirpitz survived longer than Pearl Harbor battleships

Was Tirpitz substantially tougher than the battleships attacked at Pearl Harbor?

Not necessarily. Her Norwegian anchorage, stronger air defenses, and the absence of a six-carrier concentrated strike made her a harder target.

Tirpitz's durability cannot be read directly from the damage record. Aircraft attacking her in a fjord relied mainly on bombs because torpedo approaches were difficult. They also faced stronger defenses than the surprised fleet at Pearl Harbor. The Royal Navy never concentrated six carriers for a single opening blow, so the comparison reflects operational circumstances as much as armor.