Should European navies adopt one common design for each class of warship?
Short answerNo; they should tailor hulls to national missions while standardizing the expensive weapons, sensors, software, and machinery families.
NotesA Baltic fleet, a Mediterranean fleet, and a globally deployed Atlantic fleet do not need the same range, hull, or machinery arrangement. Forcing those navies into one ship design repeats the mistake exposed by the Horizon program. The expensive and logistically important elements are the combat systems: missiles, radars, guns, computers, software, and standardized engine families. Pooling development of those systems would preserve national shipyards and local requirements while still reducing duplicated cost and support burdens.