Could six- and eight-inch cruiser shells still be handled by hand, or did they require powered loading?
Short answerThey were near the boundary; trials with automatic ramming are recalled uncertainly, while six inches is treated as the period's practical sweet spot for handling, metallurgy, and firepower.
NotesSix- and eight-inch ammunition sat near the boundary between hand handling and powered loading. The answer is cautious: the shells were just about manageable, and an automatic ramming system may have been tried, though the normal process is remembered as hand ramming. Six inches is then described as a sweet spot for the period's metallurgy and loading technology. That balance helps explain why six-inch guns could combine meaningful shell effect with a firing rate that larger cruiser weapons struggled to match. The optimum is technological rather than timeless, lasting to roughly 1950 unless later engineering revisits it.