Long-range fuel tanks turn endurance into danger

The Taranto Swordfish carried a 66-imperial-gallon long-range tank in the normal observer's cockpit, moving the observer into the rear telegraphist-air-gunner position. Wellham's observer endured fuel vapour in an already cramped open cockpit at altitude. Other tanks leaked badly enough to soak clothing or leave aviation fuel sloshing around the crew, while one aircraft had to turn back. Those crews nevertheless flew toward tracer and high-explosive bursts with flammable liquid and vapour immediately around them. The modification made the mission's range possible, but it converted endurance into a severe fire and crew-safety hazard.