How could a crew deliberately sink a wooden ship that had no Kingston valves?
Short answerCarpenters reopened known plugged hull holes or made new openings below the waterline until flooding became uncontrollable.
NotesWooden ships accumulated openings and repairs over their working lives even without purpose-built Kingston valves. Carpenters knew where damaged or worked sections had been plugged because they had maintained them. To scuttle the ship, the crew could remove those plugs and let the sea enter. If necessary, they could also cut or drill through the hull. The method depended on detailed knowledge of the ship's structure rather than a centralized flooding control.