A proposed alternative to the Beeching cuts and a hypothetical Norway rail link

Which post-1950 infrastructure policy change would have the greatest benefit in Clarke's view?

He chooses widespread railway renewal and electrification instead of the Beeching cuts, with additional proposed rail tunnels to Ireland and Norway.

Asked which post-1950 infrastructure change he would choose, Clarke proposes large-scale railway renewal and electrification instead of the Beeching cuts. His aim is a wider integrated network for passengers and freight, with more goods moving by train and less pressure on roads. He also proposes tunnels to Ireland and Norway alongside the Channel Tunnel. The Norway link is explicitly an ambitious hypothetical engineering project whose railway could supply NATO forces by train.