What was wrong with the 4.5-inch upper-deck mounts?
Short answerThey demanded too much space and weight and had bearing problems, making them workable on cruisers but unsuitable for the destroyers they were intended to arm.
NotesThe upper-deck concept promised a lighter and easier installation than a below-deck mounting. In practice, its space and weight demands, together with bearing problems, made it unsuitable for destroyer hulls even though a cruiser could accommodate it. The Battle class therefore used the BD mounting. A successful UD mount would have allowed a three-turret layout closer to the later Daring class. Existing BD production also favored that choice.