Modern and World War II five-inch naval guns compared

How do World War II and modern five-inch naval guns differ in power, range, fire rate, accuracy, and durability?

Modern guns are judged better across those measures because metallurgy, barrel design, explosives, and shell design have advanced substantially.

About eighty years of development separate World War II guns from the modern systems considered here. Improvements in metallurgy, barrel design, explosives, and shell design underpin the claim of better power, range, rate of fire, accuracy, and durability. In a hypothetical engagement using modern armour-piercing ammunition, rapid and accurate five-inch fire could inflict enough damage on a wartime battleship's superstructure to disable its fighting ability. Penetration of the main belt remains uncertain, so the proposed result is a mission kill rather than a demonstrated ability to defeat the thickest armour.