Why Italian battleship gunnery was inconsistent

Why was Italian battleship gun performance so inconsistent, and how could it be improved?

Shell-manufacturing quality control was poor, so enforcing consistent ammunition standards was the essential remedy.

The problem lay in ammunition production and inspection. Shells that vary from the required manufacturing standard produce inconsistent ballistic performance even when the gun and fire-control solution are sound. The Navy did not impose strong enough discipline on the manufacturers. Better quality control and enforcement could therefore improve gunnery without redesigning the entire weapon system.