How many carrier groups would make sense for a unified European Union navy?
Short answerRoughly six to eight groups would sustain presence in the Mediterranean, North Atlantic, and Indo-Pacific while allowing maintenance and rotation.
NotesExisting French, Italian, and Spanish aviation ships provide a starting point, but the strategic requirement comes from geography rather than simply adding current fleets. Sustaining three deployed groups would need at least six hulls and preferably eight so long-distance Indo-Pacific coverage and deep maintenance do not collapse the schedule.