Carrier warfare moves naval battle beyond visual range

When did naval battles begin to be fought beyond line of sight?

From the Second World War onward, especially in carrier battles where aircraft fought while the opposing ships remained beyond visual range.

Routine beyond-visual-range naval battle dates from the Second World War onward. Carrier engagements are the clearest examples because aircraft find and attack an enemy fleet while the carrier remains over the horizon. The decisive scouting, strike, and interception actions can therefore occur without the capital ships exchanging direct gunfire. This changes the meaning of position and range from what they were in a line-of-battle engagement. The short answer connects Jutland-era gunnery with carrier task-force warfare.