What technical and political changes could have made HMS Captain safe while she was still on the stocks?
Short answerThe hull needed to be lengthened, widened, and raised for stability and freeboard, which amounted to a major redesign that Captain's political champions would have had to accept.
NotesMore beam would improve stability, additional length would support a better hull form, and increased freeboard would make the ship less vulnerable in a seaway. Those changes could not be added as cosmetic alterations because they affected the dimensions and weight distribution of the entire design. The technical remedy was therefore close to designing a different turret ship. Politically, the project required enough authority to restrain the advocates who pushed Captain forward despite the professional objections attached to her low-freeboard layout.