Where should Poland buy submarines if it wants cost control and genuine technology sharing?
Short answerSwedish or Baltic partners are favored because French offers are expensive and tend to keep construction and economic benefit in France.
NotesSwedish or Baltic partners are preferred for Poland over a French submarine purchase. French technology-sharing language can still drive construction back to France by making local production uneconomic, which serves French national interests but not necessarily Polish industrial goals. Procurement evaluation has to consider where knowledge, maintenance capacity, employment, and cost actually reside.