What impact would switching Ukraine from Russian to European standard rail gauge have?
Short answerIt would make western connections much easier and could permit direct long-distance services without changing trains or bogies at the border.
NotesConverting to European standard gauge would simplify Ukraine's physical connection to western supply and travel networks. Freight and passengers could cross more borders without changing trains, bogies, or cargo at the gauge break. Direct trains could then run from London through the continent to Kyiv. The example turns a technical track standard into a visible form of logistical and political integration with western Europe.