Which navy got capital-ship development most right during the twentieth century?
Short answerOverall the United States, because it both built the ships and developed the supporting fleet, although the answer varies by period.
NotesThe answer changes with the decade because different navies led at different moments. French design briefly appeared to be near the front, and completed British Lions could have created a much closer contest. The United States ultimately did the best job because it translated designs into ships and developed the fleet around them. Britain produced capable King George V and Vanguard classes, but neither represented the full capital-ship potential it might have realized.