Whose fault was the lack of dual-purpose guns on Royal Navy destroyers?
Short answerIt was a complicated equipment problem: the planned 4.5-inch fit was delayed, while the available 4.7-inch mount lacked high-angle capability.
NotesThe Royal Navy did pursue dual-purpose destroyer armament. The intended twin 4.5-inch battery was not available in time for the Tribal class. The existing 4.7-inch gun had useful potential, but its low-angle mounting prevented effective high-angle anti-aircraft fire. The resulting weakness reflects the timing and design of equipment programmes as much as the preferences of individual admirals.