Taranto, Japan, and a radically different Second World War

A much larger British carrier strike at Taranto is possible in this scenario, potentially reinforced by surviving carriers and even Japanese forces. A larger Illustrious, plus Glorious and Eagle, could produce several waves with many more torpedo and dive bombers than the historical raid. That prospect threatens Italy’s modern battle line and could transform the Mediterranean balance early in the war. A Japanese decision to assist Britain against Germany and Italy would also alter oil access, American calculations, the Pacific war, and even the post-war great-power order.