Could radar-guided fire control let a cruiser submarine engage escorts safely from beyond their effective range?
Short answerRadar helps, but a low antenna, limited horizon, emissions, sea motion, and the escort's own radar prevent it from creating a safe long-range gun duel.
NotesWartime radar could help a submarine detect and range a target, but it could not repeal the geometry of the radar horizon. A submarine's scanner sits much lower than a destroyer's, so the opposing surface ship can often see farther even when both possess comparable technology. A telescoping mast raises the antenna only so far and adds mechanical and environmental complications. Active radar also advertises the boat's presence, giving up part of the surprise that makes a submarine valuable. Even after detection, the surfaced boat remains a less stable gun platform than the ship it hopes to engage.