Q&A · 3:12:38-3:16:48

Keeping strategic deterrence separate from tactical strike

Ballistic missiles belong on dedicated deterrent submarines and conventional cruise missiles on attack submarines, eliminating ambiguity and protecting the deterrent's hiding place.

Question

Why not fire conventional cruise missiles from the same submarines that carry Britain's strategic nuclear deterrent?

Short answer

Doing so would expose a deterrent submarine's location and create avoidable ambiguity between nuclear and conventional missions.

Notes

A ballistic-missile submarine is valuable because it remains hidden and survivable. Launching cruise missiles would reveal its area, add a routine conventional mission, and move it closer to tactical danger. The next attack-submarine class should instead include VLS capacity for conventional land-attack weapons, a capability omitted from the Astute class. Separate weapon systems also reduce the already small risk of confusing nuclear and conventional loads and make an adversary's interpretation of a launch clearer.