The phrase second-tier describes the power of the state, not the quality of its ships. Many of these dreadnoughts were capable, well built, and sometimes innovative. Domestic programs could take greater technical risks because the navy and shipyard shared the learning process and national requirements. Export customers spending scarce funds abroad usually emphasized proven machinery and reliable delivery. The result was two procurement styles rather than a hierarchy in which every foreign-built ship was inferior.
Notable Point · 2:50:46-2:51:27
Second-tier powers did not build second-rate ships
The label describes national power, not ship quality: these dreadnoughts were often capable and sometimes innovative.