Q&A · 1:39:45-1:40:57

Which navy was most ready for 1939?

In this assessment, the Royal Navy was best prepared for the war that began in 1939, while other navies learned rapidly once combat exposed new realities.

Question

Which navy was best prepared for the Second World War in 1939?

Short answer

The Royal Navy, because it had used First World War experience most effectively for the war that actually began in 1939.

Notes

Several navies remained tied to a decisive-battle model, concentrated on regional task forces, or misunderstood submarine warfare. The United States was still preparing and focused heavily on a battle-fleet contest, while France concentrated on Mediterranean tasks and Germany had not fully absorbed why unrestricted submarine warfare failed against Britain. Japan had useful experience but remained committed to its own decisive-battle system. The Royal Navy had drawn most effectively on First World War experience for the immediate conflict, although the Americans and Japanese adapted quickly after observing combat and entering the war in 1941.