Would a large battery of twin 4-inch guns and more Oerlikons have made Repulse fare better?
Short answerIt would help, but Repulse also needed many more pom-poms and a balanced layered battery comparable to a thorough modern reconstruction.
NotesA simple exchange of old 4-inch weapons for a larger uniform battery improves fire control and coverage, but it does not solve the entire air-defense problem. Repulse also needed many more pom-poms at close range. A modernized medium battery of 4-inch or 4.5-inch weapons would then provide the heavier layer. Anti-aircraft defense depended on overlapping ranges, mounts, directors, and ammunition rather than a single impressive gun count.