Can railguns launch only solid, unguided projectiles?
Short answerNo. Solid shot was convenient for testing, while more complex rounds require electromagnetic shielding for their onboard systems.
NotesRailgun tests used solid shot to establish performance, but electromagnetic launch does not limit ammunition to inert slugs. Smart rounds require shielding against the electromagnetic forces involved in launch. Gauss guns face a related problem. The shielding is an engineering difficulty to work through when developing more complex projectiles.