Was Tiger based on the Queen Elizabeth class?

Was HMS Tiger a smaller and faster battlecruiser development of the Queen Elizabeth class?

No. Tiger belongs to the Iron Duke design lineage, visible in the ships' lines and shaping.

Contemporary-looking British capital ships did not all descend from the same design. Tiger belongs to the Iron Duke lineage, which itself developed from the King George V and Orion lines. Queen Elizabeth followed a different combination of armament, machinery, and fleet role. The distinction keeps visual resemblance from being mistaken for direct design ancestry.