What kept Swedish forces competitive with Russia?

What kept the Swedish military ahead of Russia in tactics or technology?

Naval technology was roughly equal, but Swedish crews had more sailing practice. Catherine's infrastructure investment had made the Russian fleet ready for the campaign.

Swedish crews had more practice sailing, which is the main explanation offered for their advantage. The two navies were broadly comparable in technology. Russia also faced the work of reforming a much larger state. Catherine's investment in infrastructure meant that its fleet was ready for the campaign.