Could Greece and the Ottoman Empire afford to build more balanced fleets?
Short answerYes, but Ottoman corruption and Greek caution over spending and infrastructure limited what each navy could turn into an effective force.
NotesOttoman corruption diverted resources that could have supported a more effective fleet. Greece was building a maritime economy but still lacked infrastructure and kept tight control of naval spending. Buying ships one at a time reduced the scale of its commitments, and Averof had been acquired while already under construction in Italy. Further purchases could have come from foreign yards building vessels for customers who no longer wanted to complete them. Both states possessed resources, but their institutions and spending choices restricted what reached the fleet.