How soon could the Chinese navy operate a carrier at Kitty Hawk or Midway levels?
Short answerA ship may look capable quickly, but the institutional depth needed for sustained operations is likely to take much longer to develop.
NotesAn impressive public demonstration does not by itself prove mature carrier capability. China could make visible progress while still lacking depth in crews, maintenance, and the ability to replace experience as personnel rotate. This 2020 assessment estimates that repeatable capability could take 15 to 20 years to develop. Established wartime naval aviation organizations expanded faster because they already had experienced foundations on which to build.