The historical damage provides a baseline for testing alternative defenses. USS Arizona was lost, while several other battleships were damaged and some later returned to service. Pennsylvania was hit in dry dock alongside the destroyers Cassin and Downes, showing that the attack affected repair facilities as well as the battle line. The two successful air waves provide the result against which earlier warning, dispersal, fighter interception, and fewer coordinated attacks must be judged.
Chapter · 1:08:53-1:10:02
The historical damage that the counterfactual must change
Before testing alternative defenses, the discussion establishes the actual two-wave result: Arizona was lost and the battleship and repair complex suffered extensive damage.