Are paddle wheels more environmentally friendly?
Short answerPossibly in limited respects: they may disturb the seabed less and be less likely to strike animals, but the discussion reaches no overall environmental verdict.
NotesThe comparison remains plausible rather than settled. Because a paddle wheel works near the surface, it may disturb the seabed less than a submerged propeller. Paddles may also be less likely to strike underwater animals. The exchange does not compare fuel consumption, engine type, or whole-life effects, leaving any overall environmental advantage unproven.