Naval force levels are not chosen in isolation. Britain's 1889 program expanded the fleet, while German construction under Tirpitz prompted further British building because the new ships appeared in the wrong strategic neighborhood. China later gained an advantage by expanding while many other navies cut forces in the expectation of a more peaceful world. Once competitors respond, rebuilding becomes more urgent and expensive than maintaining adequate strength throughout the cycle.
Notable Point · 47:01-48:09
Why one fleet expansion provokes another
Britain's 1889 naval program, its answer to Tirpitz's risk fleet, and China's modern build-up illustrate how expansion by one navy drives competitors to add ships of their own.