Q&A · 19:40-21:11

Naval commanders who acted first and sought forgiveness later

Nelson and Oscarsborg illustrate how unauthorized action can be forgiven when initiative produces an unmistakable success.

Question

What is the most famous naval case of asking forgiveness rather than permission?

Short answer

Nelson at Cape St Vincent is the leading example, with Copenhagen and the Oscarsborg command decision as related cases.

Notes

Nelson at Cape St Vincent is offered as the leading naval example. He acted on what he understood to be the spirit of Admiral Jervis's orders and returned with two captured ships, making forgiveness easier. Copenhagen is treated as a more complicated case. Colonel Birger Eriksen's order to fire from Oscarsborg, despite the risk of court martial, shows the same command dilemma when unauthorized initiative produces an unmistakable success.