Is Sweden's submarine procurement troubled, or does it offer useful new capabilities?
Short answerBoth: the boats promise new capabilities, but a run closer to four or six is judged more suitable for rebuilding production infrastructure than an order for two.
NotesSweden's submarine program promises new capabilities when the boats enter service. The industrial difficulty follows years in which expectations of peace encouraged limited procurement. An order for roughly four to six boats is suggested as a better basis for rebuilding production infrastructure. Japan can order large surface ships in pairs because its wider construction program keeps the infrastructure continuously active.