Lady Penrhyn carries women, Marines, and horses

Lady Penrhyn had been designed for the Atlantic slave trade with a nominal capacity of 275 enslaved people, while her First Fleet charter carried 101 female convicts. Three Marine officers and 41 other ranks also sailed aboard. After the assigned surgeon became ill, Arthur Bowes Smyth took responsibility for the prisoners, but Phillip considered him unequal to the task and apparently associated his management with deaths aboard. The ship landed rice and the first seven horses brought to Australia, giving her cargo immediate and long-term value to the colony. On the return voyage she became the first European vessel reported past the Kermadec Islands and Penrhyn Atoll, which took her name, before carrying East India Company cargo.