Could ammunition for an Iron Duke-class battleship be made in the 1860s?
Short answerThere is disagreement; the affirmative case depends on sample shells, existing basic technologies, and officers able to explain their construction.
NotesChamber pressure and the later development of naval shells raise doubts about supplying an Iron Duke-class battleship in the 1860s. The counterargument is that the basic technologies already existed. Working shells could provide contemporary scientists with examples to examine, while the ship's trained gunnery officers could explain their construction. This remains a disputed counterfactual assessment rather than a demonstrated manufacturing plan.