Were French Protestant officers merely serving abroad between wars, or were they forced out after the Edict of Nantes was revoked?
Short answerBefore revocation they could serve abroad temporarily, but afterward Protestant officers were denied advancement, expelled, pressured to convert, or driven into foreign service.
NotesBefore the Edict of Nantes was revoked, French Protestant officers could serve other states between wars and return when France needed them. After revocation, they faced exclusion from service, blocked promotion, pressure to convert, or the need to leave. One estimate cited for the navy puts the losses at a third of senior officers and a third of captains. The damage extended to future command because officers learned at sea under experienced captains rather than through a modern naval academy. Senior officers' children could gain especially early access to ships and command experience, so losing those families also removed prospective successors. Repeated political disruptions forced the navy to rebuild that experience from the officers who remained.