The French revival began with Ville de Paris and Royal Louis, which reduced their upperworks in the same broad direction as successful British designs. Towns and provinces helped finance the post-Seven Years' War rebuilding programme, and ship names reflected those contributions. Bretagne continued the trend while carrying a heavier battery, and renewed war with Britain during the American Revolution led to four 110-gun ships. Technical adaptation depended on the political and financial machinery needed to restore a capital-ship programme.
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France's eighteenth-century three-decker revival
Ville de Paris, Royal Louis, Bretagne, and the later 110-gun programme restored the French three-decker through reduced upperworks, public funding, and renewed wartime demand.