How early Bristol radials could accelerate naval aviation

If the Bristol Perseus and Taurus existed in the 1910s, would the Hercules and British naval aviation arrive earlier?

Yes, but fast boats benefit first while stronger airframes and an earlier torpedo-bomber requirement pull carrier aviation forward.

The engines would arrive before most contemporary aircraft structures were ready to carry their weight and power. Coastal motor boats and other small naval craft could exploit them first, producing exceptionally high speeds. Aircraft design would then evolve around the new powerplants rather than accepting them unchanged in existing airframes. A credible torpedo bomber could appear earlier and encourage Furious, Courageous, and Glorious to enter service as carriers from the outset.