When an efficient control-room layout meets a rolling ship

The class's command-panel arrangement illustrates the difference between a layout that works on land and one that works aboard a moving warship. The panels were positioned for efficient use of computers and electronics, but their orientation could amplify the discomfort produced by rolling and pitching. The result could cause motion sickness even among personnel without a previous susceptibility. Crowding therefore created a human-factors problem as well as a geometric one. A technically powerful combat system could still impose daily costs on its operators.