How might the post-1945 world differ without a Cold War?
Short answerThere might be more direct wars because the threat of mutual assured destruction restrained disputes between the largest powers.
NotesA world without the Cold War could experience more wars after 1945. The reasoning centres on mutual assured destruction. When escalation threatens catastrophic loss for both sides, even hostile powers have a strong incentive to control their disputes. Without that shared danger, more confrontations could cross the threshold into direct war. Nuclear deterrence appears here as destructive power that also constrained great-power behaviour.