Canada is deeply integrated with the United States and has extensive free-trade connections across the oceans. A mixed energy system and strong education and technology base give it substantial national resources. Geography nevertheless places a long, seasonally icebound frontier opposite Russia and creates demands that southern population centres can easily overlook. Coercive treatment by China and Russia also shows why respectful diplomacy needs credible power behind it when other governments do not reciprocate.
Chapter · 48:21-51:42
Canada's trade strength and Arctic security exposure
Canada combines a large, trade-integrated economy and diverse energy base with exposed Arctic geography and a diplomatic culture that can be tested by coercive powers.