Why repeated refits complicate a ship's internal arrangements

A newly completed ship can have relatively orderly internal arrangements. Repeated refits, upgrades and engineering casualties make that order harder to preserve. Pressure to minimise size and initial cost can lead to tight compartments with little room for later additions. Subsequent upgrades then require equipment to be moved, rearranged or removed and reinstalled. The criticism extends to choosing the lowest bid when the contractor is under pressure to cut costs.